{"id":13664,"date":"2026-09-16T10:18:11","date_gmt":"2026-09-16T10:18:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/?p=13664"},"modified":"2026-09-16T10:18:11","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T10:18:11","slug":"cisco-ccde-400-007-practice-test-questions-and-exam-dumps-part7-q121-140","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/cisco-ccde-400-007-practice-test-questions-and-exam-dumps-part7-q121-140\/","title":{"rendered":"Cisco CCDE 400-007 Practice Test Questions and Exam Dumps Part7 Q121-140"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/h1>\n

View Full <\/b>Cisco CCDE 400-007 Exam Dumps<\/b><\/a> and Practice Test Dumps.<\/b><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Question 121<\/b><\/h3>\n

A network architect is designing an enterprise WAN where different applications require different forwarding paths. The organization wants to steer selected traffic toward a specific next hop without changing the destination-based routing table. Which technology should be used?<\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. ECMP<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Route summarization<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Policy-Based Routing<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Route reflection<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Correct Answer: 3<\/b><\/p>\n

    Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Policy-Based Routing allows traffic to be forwarded according to configured policies instead of relying only on the destination address and normal routing-table lookup. Policies can match characteristics such as source address, destination address, protocol, or other supported attributes and then specify a particular next hop or interface. This makes PBR useful when selected traffic needs to follow a path different from the normal routing decision. ECMP distributes traffic across equal-cost routes, route summarization reduces routing-table size, and route reflection improves iBGP scalability. PBR is therefore appropriate when forwarding decisions need to be based on traffic characteristics and business requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Question 122<\/b><\/h3>\n

    An enterprise has two Internet service providers and wants inbound traffic from external networks to prefer one ISP over the other. Which BGP mechanism can be used to influence the inbound path selection of neighboring autonomous systems?<\/b><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. MED<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. Local Preference<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. Weight<\/span><\/li>\n
    4. Router ID<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Correct Answer: 1<\/b><\/p>\n

      Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

      MED can be used to provide neighboring autonomous systems with information about the preferred entry point into the advertising autonomous system. A lower MED is generally preferred when comparing paths from the same neighboring autonomous system. Because MED is an attribute communicated to external BGP peers, it can influence how the neighboring AS selects an inbound path. Local Preference is primarily used internally to influence outbound traffic, while Weight is a Cisco-specific local attribute and is not advertised to external peers. Router ID is used as an identifier and does not directly provide inbound traffic engineering.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Question 123<\/b><\/h3>\n

      A service provider needs to keep customer routing information separate while allowing multiple customers to use overlapping IPv4 address spaces. Which combination is commonly used in an MPLS Layer 3 VPN architecture?<\/b><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. VLAN and STP<\/span><\/li>\n
      2. VRF and route distinguishers<\/span><\/li>\n
      3. HSRP and GLBP<\/span><\/li>\n
      4. DHCP and NAT<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Correct Answer: 2<\/b><\/p>\n

        Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

        VRFs provide separate routing tables for individual customers, allowing overlapping IP address spaces to coexist on the same provider infrastructure. Route distinguishers are used to make VPNv4 or VPNv6 routes unique when identical customer prefixes exist in different VRFs. Route targets are also commonly used to control which VPN routes are imported into or exported from a VRF. VLANs and STP provide Layer 2 functions rather than MPLS VPN route separation. HSRP and GLBP provide gateway redundancy, while DHCP and NAT address different network requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Question 124<\/b><\/h3>\n

        A company is planning a data center fabric that must provide multiple equal-cost paths between leaf and spine devices. Which topology is most appropriate for this requirement?<\/b><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Hub-and-spoke<\/span><\/li>\n
        2. Ring<\/span><\/li>\n
        3. Three-tier hierarchical<\/span><\/li>\n
        4. Leaf-and-spine<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Correct Answer: 4<\/b><\/p>\n

          Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

          A leaf-and-spine topology is designed to provide predictable connectivity and multiple equal-cost paths between network devices. Every leaf typically connects to multiple spine switches, allowing traffic between leaf switches to traverse several equal-cost paths. This architecture works particularly well with ECMP and modern data center routing designs. A hub-and-spoke topology concentrates connectivity around a central point, while a ring introduces sequential paths and may have different convergence characteristics. Traditional three-tier architectures can provide scalability but are not inherently designed around the same uniform multipath model as a leaf-and-spine fabric.<\/span><\/p>\n

          Question 125<\/b><\/h3>\n

          An enterprise wants to divide its network into separate security and administrative zones so that traffic between zones can be inspected and controlled. Which design principle should be implemented?<\/b><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Network segmentation<\/span><\/li>\n
          2. Route aggregation<\/span><\/li>\n
          3. Anycast<\/span><\/li>\n
          4. Link aggregation<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Correct Answer: 1<\/b><\/p>\n

            Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

            Network segmentation divides an infrastructure into logical or physical zones with controlled communication between them. Segmentation can be implemented using technologies such as VRFs, VLANs, firewalls, security groups, and access-control policies. It allows organizations to separate users, applications, servers, and sensitive resources according to security or operational requirements. Route aggregation reduces the number of advertised prefixes, anycast allows multiple locations to advertise the same address, and link aggregation combines multiple physical links. None of these directly provides the broad security-zone separation offered by network segmentation.<\/span><\/p>\n

            Question 126<\/b><\/h3>\n

            A BGP network has many internal routers and the administrator wants to avoid creating a full mesh of iBGP sessions. Which technology should be considered?<\/b><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. NAT<\/span><\/li>\n
            2. Route reflector<\/span><\/li>\n
            3. VRRP<\/span><\/li>\n
            4. VXLAN<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Correct Answer: 2<\/b><\/p>\n

              Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

              BGP route reflection is designed to improve the scalability of iBGP networks by removing the requirement for every internal BGP router to establish a session with every other router. A route reflector receives routes from clients and reflects selected routes to other clients or non-client peers according to BGP rules. This significantly reduces the number of required iBGP sessions. NAT performs address translation, VRRP provides first-hop redundancy, and VXLAN provides network virtualization. Route reflectors should be designed with appropriate redundancy and topology considerations to avoid creating control-plane dependencies.<\/span><\/p>\n

              Question 127<\/b><\/h3>\n

              A network architect needs to provide gateway redundancy while also allowing traffic to be distributed across multiple active gateway devices. Which technology can provide this capability?<\/b><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. STP<\/span><\/li>\n
              2. OSPF<\/span><\/li>\n
              3. GLBP<\/span><\/li>\n
              4. GRE<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Correct Answer: 3<\/b><\/p>\n

                Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) provides first-hop redundancy while also allowing multiple routers in the group to participate in forwarding traffic. Unlike protocols where one router handles normal forwarding while another waits in standby, GLBP can distribute hosts’ gateway traffic across multiple active forwarders. This can improve utilization of available gateway resources while maintaining redundancy. STP provides Layer 2 loop prevention, OSPF provides dynamic routing, and GRE provides tunneling. GLBP is therefore appropriate when both gateway availability and active forwarding distribution are requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n

                Question 128<\/b><\/h3>\n

                An organization wants to advertise a common IP address from multiple geographically distributed sites so that users can reach the nearest available location according to the routing design. Which technology concept supports this architecture?<\/b><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Anycast<\/span><\/li>\n
                2. NAT<\/span><\/li>\n
                3. Route poisoning<\/span><\/li>\n
                4. Port security<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Correct Answer: 1<\/b><\/p>\n

                  Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                  Anycast allows multiple network locations to advertise the same IP address or prefix. Routing protocols can then direct users toward one of the available locations according to routing metrics and topology. Anycast is commonly used for globally distributed services such as DNS and content delivery because it can provide geographic distribution and resilience. NAT translates addresses, route poisoning is a loop-prevention mechanism used in some routing protocols, and port security controls Layer 2 access to switch ports. Anycast is therefore the relevant concept when the same service address needs to be reachable from multiple locations.<\/span><\/p>\n

                  Question 129<\/b><\/h3>\n

                  A network has multiple routing protocols and requires only selected routes from one protocol to be introduced into another. Which mechanism provides granular control over this process?<\/b><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Route redistribution with filtering policies<\/span><\/li>\n
                  2. ECMP<\/span><\/li>\n
                  3. STP<\/span><\/li>\n
                  4. DHCP relay<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Correct Answer: 1<\/b><\/p>\n

                    Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                    Route redistribution allows routes learned from one routing protocol to be introduced into another routing domain. Because unrestricted redistribution can introduce unnecessary routes and create routing loops, filtering and policy controls should be applied to determine which routes are accepted or advertised. Route maps, prefix lists, tags, and other policy mechanisms can help control redistribution. ECMP handles multiple equal-cost forwarding paths, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and DHCP relay forwards DHCP requests between clients and servers across Layer 3 boundaries. Controlled redistribution is therefore important when multiple routing protocols interact.<\/span><\/p>\n

                    Question 130<\/b><\/h3>\n

                    A company wants to reduce the number of routes installed in routers while maintaining reachability to multiple contiguous networks. Which technique should be used?<\/b><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Route redistribution<\/span><\/li>\n
                    2. Route summarization<\/span><\/li>\n
                    3. Policy-Based Routing<\/span><\/li>\n
                    4. BGP route reflection<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Correct Answer: 2<\/b><\/p>\n

                      Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                      Route summarization combines multiple contiguous or logically related prefixes into a larger aggregate prefix. This reduces the number of individual routes that need to be maintained and advertised. Smaller routing tables can reduce memory requirements and routing-protocol processing while also limiting the propagation of some topology changes. The summary must be designed carefully so that it does not incorrectly represent unreachable networks. Route redistribution moves routes between routing domains, PBR changes forwarding behavior based on policy, and route reflection improves iBGP scalability. Route summarization directly addresses the requirement to reduce routing-table entries.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      Question 131<\/b><\/h3>\n

                      A data center network requires rapid failure detection for links so that routing protocols can react quickly. Which technology can provide sub-second failure detection independent of normal routing protocol timers?<\/b><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. BFD<\/span><\/li>\n
                      2. DHCP<\/span><\/li>\n
                      3. NAT<\/span><\/li>\n
                      4. ARP<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        Correct Answer: 1<\/b><\/p>\n

                        Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                        Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) provides rapid detection of forwarding-path failures between neighboring devices. It can operate independently of the normal failure-detection mechanisms of routing protocols and can notify protocols such as OSPF, IS-IS, or BGP when a forwarding path becomes unavailable. This can significantly reduce failure-detection time compared with relying solely on standard routing protocol timers. DHCP provides address configuration, NAT performs address translation, and ARP maps IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses. BFD is therefore particularly useful in designs where rapid convergence is important.<\/span><\/p>\n

                        Question 132<\/b><\/h3>\n

                        A network architect wants to prevent a failure in one data center from causing unnecessary routing changes across the entire enterprise. Which approach can help contain the impact of the failure?<\/b><\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. Increasing the broadcast domain<\/span><\/li>\n
                        2. Removing routing boundaries<\/span><\/li>\n
                        3. Failure-domain isolation<\/span><\/li>\n
                        4. Using a single default route everywhere<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          Correct Answer: 3<\/b><\/p>\n

                          Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                          Failure-domain isolation limits how far the effects of a network failure can propagate. Routing boundaries, summarization, modular architectures, and carefully designed control-plane relationships can help contain instability within a specific region or segment. This can improve overall network stability and simplify troubleshooting. Increasing broadcast domains can increase the scope of Layer 2 problems, while removing routing boundaries can allow changes to propagate more broadly. A single default route everywhere may simplify some routing decisions but does not inherently isolate failures. Failure-domain isolation is therefore an important principle in resilient network architecture.<\/span><\/p>\n

                          Question 133<\/b><\/h3>\n

                          An enterprise needs to connect branch offices securely over the public Internet and wants the VPN architecture to support dynamic routing between sites. Which solution is appropriate?<\/b><\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. IPsec-based VPN with dynamic routing support<\/span><\/li>\n
                          2. STP over the Internet<\/span><\/li>\n
                          3. DHCP-only connectivity<\/span><\/li>\n
                          4. HSRP between branch offices<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            Correct Answer: 1<\/b><\/p>\n

                            Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                            An IPsec-based VPN can provide encrypted communication between branch offices across the public Internet. Dynamic routing protocols can operate over suitable VPN tunnel architectures, allowing routes to be exchanged automatically between sites and supporting changes in network topology. This is useful in environments with many branches where maintaining static routes becomes difficult. STP is not designed to provide secure WAN connectivity across the Internet, DHCP only provides configuration services, and HSRP is intended for first-hop gateway redundancy within a local network. An IPsec VPN combined with an appropriate routing architecture can therefore meet both security and dynamic-routing requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n

                            Question 134<\/b><\/h3>\n

                            A network uses BGP and wants to attach policy information to routes so that downstream routers can apply different routing decisions. Which BGP feature is designed for this purpose?<\/b><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            1. Router ID<\/span><\/li>\n
                            2. BGP communities<\/span><\/li>\n
                            3. TCP window scaling<\/span><\/li>\n
                            4. OSPF areas<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                              Correct Answer: 2<\/b><\/p>\n

                              Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                              BGP communities are attributes that allow routes to be tagged with policy information. Network administrators can define policies based on community values to influence route advertisement, preference, filtering, or other routing behavior. Standard communities and extended communities are widely used in service-provider and enterprise environments. Router ID identifies a BGP speaker but does not serve as a general policy-tagging mechanism. TCP window scaling affects transport performance, while OSPF areas belong to a different routing protocol. Communities therefore provide a flexible method for carrying policy-related information with BGP routes.<\/span><\/p>\n

                              Question 135<\/b><\/h3>\n

                              An enterprise wants to ensure that traffic between critical servers uses redundant physical paths and remains available after the failure of one link. Which technology can combine multiple physical links into a logical connection?<\/b><\/p>\n

                                \n
                              1. EtherChannel<\/span><\/li>\n
                              2. NAT<\/span><\/li>\n
                              3. VRF<\/span><\/li>\n
                              4. GRE<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                Correct Answer: 1<\/b><\/p>\n

                                Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                EtherChannel combines multiple physical Ethernet links into a single logical port-channel. It provides increased aggregate bandwidth and redundancy because traffic can continue using the remaining member links if one physical link fails. Link aggregation protocols such as LACP can dynamically negotiate and maintain the bundle. NAT translates network addresses, VRF provides separate routing tables, and GRE creates tunnels between endpoints. EtherChannel is therefore appropriate when multiple physical Ethernet links need to operate as one logical connection while providing both capacity and link-level redundancy.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                Question 136<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                A company is designing a WAN and wants to dynamically select the best available path based on application and network conditions across multiple transports. Which architecture is specifically designed around centralized policy-based WAN path selection?<\/b><\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. Traditional Layer 2 bridging<\/span><\/li>\n
                                2. SD-WAN<\/span><\/li>\n
                                3. STP<\/span><\/li>\n
                                4. Static routing only<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                  Correct Answer: 2<\/b><\/p>\n

                                  Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                  Software-Defined WAN (SD-WAN) architectures provide centralized policy and orchestration capabilities for managing multiple WAN transports. SD-WAN can evaluate characteristics such as latency, loss, jitter, application requirements, and link availability to select appropriate paths according to configured policies. This allows organizations to use multiple transports while applying centralized traffic-engineering policies. Traditional Layer 2 bridging does not provide this type of centralized WAN path control. STP is designed for Layer 2 loop prevention, while static routing lacks the dynamic policy-based path selection associated with SD-WAN architectures.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                  Question 137<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                  A network architect wants to prevent unauthorized devices from establishing Layer 2 connectivity through unused switch ports. Which security mechanism should be considered?<\/b><\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  1. Port security<\/span><\/li>\n
                                  2. Route summarization<\/span><\/li>\n
                                  3. BGP communities<\/span><\/li>\n
                                  4. ECMP<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                    Correct Answer: 1<\/b><\/p>\n

                                    Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                    Switch port security can restrict which devices are permitted to use a switch port by controlling the allowed source MAC addresses. It can help prevent unauthorized devices from gaining Layer 2 access through designated switch interfaces. Depending on the implementation, violations can trigger actions such as dropping unauthorized frames or placing the port into a protected state. Route summarization reduces routing information, BGP communities provide route-policy tagging, and ECMP provides multipath forwarding. These routing functions do not directly control device access to physical switch ports. Port security is therefore the relevant Layer 2 security mechanism.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                    Question 138<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                    A service provider wants to transport customer Layer 2 services across an MPLS network while keeping the provider core independent of customer Layer 2 topology. Which service model can provide this functionality?<\/b><\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    1. L2VPN<\/span><\/li>\n
                                    2. OSPF stub area<\/span><\/li>\n
                                    3. HSRP<\/span><\/li>\n
                                    4. NAT overload<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                      Correct Answer: 1<\/b><\/p>\n

                                      Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                      Layer 2 VPN services allow customer Layer 2 traffic to be transported across a service-provider network while abstracting the provider core from the customer’s Layer 2 topology. Depending on the implementation, technologies such as pseudowires, VPLS, or EVPN can be used to provide Layer 2 connectivity across a provider infrastructure. The provider core can therefore operate using its own transport and routing architecture rather than extending every customer VLAN throughout the core. An OSPF stub area relates to IP routing, HSRP provides gateway redundancy, and NAT overload performs address translation. L2VPN is directly aligned with the stated requirement.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      Question 139<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                      A network architect needs to provide different routing policies for multiple tenants that share the same physical infrastructure. Which technology provides independent routing tables for those tenants?<\/b><\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      1. ECMP<\/span><\/li>\n
                                      2. VRF<\/span><\/li>\n
                                      3. BFD<\/span><\/li>\n
                                      4. STP<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                        Correct Answer: 2<\/b><\/p>\n

                                        Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                        VRF allows multiple independent routing tables to exist on the same physical network device. Each tenant can have its own routes, interfaces, and forwarding decisions, providing logical separation without requiring separate physical routers for every tenant. VRFs are commonly used in service-provider networks, enterprise segmentation, and multi-tenant data centers. ECMP provides multipath forwarding, BFD provides rapid failure detection, and STP prevents Layer 2 loops. When the primary requirement is independent routing domains for multiple tenants sharing infrastructure, VRF is the appropriate technology.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                        Question 140<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                        A network design requires high availability between two sites and should continue forwarding traffic if one complete WAN connection fails. Which design provides the necessary path redundancy?<\/b><\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        1. Single WAN circuit with higher bandwidth<\/span><\/li>\n
                                        2. One router with one provider<\/span><\/li>\n
                                        3. Multiple independent WAN paths<\/span><\/li>\n
                                        4. Static default routing through one site<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                          Correct Answer: 3<\/b><\/p>\n

                                          Explanation<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                          Multiple independent WAN paths provide redundancy by allowing traffic to use an alternate connection when one complete WAN circuit becomes unavailable. The paths can use different providers, physical routes, edge devices, or transport technologies depending on the organization’s requirements. Dynamic routing or an appropriate SD-WAN control mechanism can detect failures and select the remaining path. Simply increasing the bandwidth of one circuit does not remove the single point of failure. A single router and provider also create dependencies, while a static default route through one site does not inherently provide resilient path selection. Multiple independent paths therefore form the foundation of a highly available WAN design.<\/span><\/p>\n

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                                          View Full Cisco CCDE 400-007 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Dumps.   Question 121 A network architect is designing an enterprise WAN where different applications require different forwarding paths. The organization wants to steer selected traffic toward a specific next hop without changing the destination-based routing table. Which technology should be used? ECMP Route summarization […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1648,1647],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13664"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13664"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13664\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13691,"href":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13664\/revisions\/13691"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13664"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13664"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.examlabs.com\/certification\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13664"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}