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Question 141

Which protocol is used by IPv6 routers to provide hosts with network prefix information for automatic address configuration?

1. Router Advertisement
2. DHCPDISCOVER
3. ARP Request
4. DNS Query

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

IPv6 routers use Router Advertisement messages to provide hosts with information such as network prefixes, default gateway information, and configuration parameters. These messages are part of Neighbor Discovery Protocol and can support Stateless Address Autoconfiguration. Hosts use the advertised prefix to generate their IPv6 addresses. DHCPDISCOVER is associated with IPv4 DHCP, ARP is used for IPv4 address resolution, and DNS queries resolve names. Therefore, Router Advertisement messages are responsible for providing IPv6 hosts with important network configuration information.

Question 142

Which command changes the hostname of a Cisco IOS device to “Branch-Router”?

1. device-name Branch-Router
2. hostname Branch-Router
3. router-name Branch-Router
4. set hostname Branch-Router

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

The Cisco IOS hostname command changes the device hostname. For example, entering hostname Branch-Router changes the device’s hostname to Branch-Router. The hostname appears in the command-line prompt and helps administrators identify devices during configuration and troubleshooting. Proper hostnames are especially useful in environments containing many routers and switches. The other commands shown are not valid Cisco IOS commands for changing the device hostname. Therefore, hostname Branch-Router is the correct command for assigning the specified hostname.

Question 143

Which Layer 2 protocol prevents switching loops by placing redundant paths into a blocking state?

1. DHCP
2. STP
3. OSPF
4. NAT

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Spanning Tree Protocol, or STP, prevents Layer 2 switching loops by calculating a loop-free logical topology. When redundant links exist between switches, STP places selected ports into a non-forwarding state while maintaining them as potential backup paths. If the active topology changes, STP can allow an alternate path to become active. Without STP, redundant Ethernet connections could create broadcast storms, duplicate frames, and MAC table instability. DHCP assigns addresses, OSPF handles Layer 3 routing, and NAT translates addresses. Therefore, STP is the correct protocol.

Question 144

Which subnet mask corresponds to a /30 IPv4 prefix?

1. 255.255.255.252
2. 255.255.255.248
3. 255.255.255.240
4. 255.255.255.224

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

A /30 IPv4 prefix uses 30 bits for the network portion, leaving 2 host bits. The corresponding subnet mask is 255.255.255.252. Each /30 subnet contains four total addresses: one network address, two usable host addresses, and one broadcast address. This size is traditionally useful for point-to-point IPv4 links that require only two endpoints. A /29 provides six usable addresses, /28 provides fourteen, and /27 provides thirty. Therefore, 255.255.255.252 is the correct subnet mask for a /30 prefix.

Question 145

Which Cisco IOS command enters global configuration mode from privileged EXEC mode?

1. configure terminal
2. enable configure
3. terminal configuration
4. config global

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

The configure terminal command, commonly abbreviated as conf t, enters global configuration mode from privileged EXEC mode on Cisco IOS devices. Global configuration mode allows administrators to make system-wide configuration changes, such as setting the hostname, configuring routing protocols, and entering interface configuration mode. The device must normally be in privileged EXEC mode before this command can be executed. The other commands listed are not valid Cisco IOS commands for entering global configuration mode. Therefore, configure terminal is the correct command.

Question 146

Which protocol provides reliable, connection-oriented transport for applications?

1. UDP
2. ICMP
3. TCP
4. ARP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Transmission Control Protocol, or TCP, provides reliable, connection-oriented transport services for applications. TCP establishes a connection before transmitting application data and uses acknowledgments, sequencing, retransmission, and flow control to improve reliable delivery. Applications such as web browsing, email, and file transfers commonly use TCP when reliable delivery is required. UDP provides connectionless transport without TCP’s reliability mechanisms, while ICMP supports network control and diagnostic messages. ARP performs IPv4 address resolution. Therefore, TCP is the correct protocol for reliable, connection-oriented transport.

Question 147

Which transport-layer protocol does not require a connection to be established before sending data?

1. TCP
2. UDP
3. SSH
4. HTTPS

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

User Datagram Protocol, or UDP, is a connectionless transport-layer protocol. It sends datagrams without establishing a session or performing the acknowledgment and retransmission processes used by TCP. This makes UDP lightweight and can reduce overhead, which is useful for applications where speed or low latency is more important than guaranteed delivery. TCP is connection-oriented and provides reliability. SSH and HTTPS are application-layer protocols that normally use TCP as their transport. Therefore, UDP is the protocol that does not require a connection before transmitting data.

Question 148

Which Cisco feature can automatically negotiate the formation of an EtherChannel using the IEEE standard protocol?

1. PAgP
2. STP
3. LACP
4. VTP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

LACP, or Link Aggregation Control Protocol, is the IEEE-standard protocol used to dynamically negotiate EtherChannel bundles. It allows compatible interfaces to form a logical link aggregation group when their configurations meet the required conditions. EtherChannel combines multiple physical links into one logical connection, providing increased bandwidth and redundancy. PAgP is a Cisco proprietary alternative for EtherChannel negotiation, while STP prevents Layer 2 loops and VTP can distribute VLAN information. Therefore, LACP is the standards-based protocol used for dynamic EtherChannel negotiation.

Question 149

Which routing table code represents a directly connected network in Cisco IOS?

1. C
2. S
3. O
4. R

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

In the Cisco IOS routing table, the letter C represents a directly connected network. When an interface is configured with an IP address and is operational, the router automatically installs a connected route for the associated network. The letter L represents a local host route for the interface address. S represents a static route, O represents an OSPF route, and R represents a RIP route. Therefore, the routing table code C identifies a directly connected network.

Question 150

Which command displays the VLAN membership and operational status of switch ports?

1. show interfaces status
2. show ip route
3. show arp
4. show ip protocols

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

The show interfaces status command provides a concise summary of switch ports, including interface status, VLAN assignment, duplex, speed, and media information. It is useful for quickly checking which ports are connected, which VLAN they belong to, and whether they are operational. The show ip route command displays routing information, show arp displays IPv4-to-MAC mappings, and show ip protocols provides routing protocol information. Therefore, show interfaces status is the appropriate command for checking switch port status and VLAN membership.

Question 151

Which IPv4 subnet has a block size of 16 addresses?

1. /26
2. /28
3. /29
4. /30

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A /28 IPv4 subnet has a block size of 16 addresses because it leaves four host bits, resulting in 2^4, or 16, total addresses. Each /28 subnet contains one network address, fourteen usable host addresses, and one broadcast address. The block boundaries therefore increase by 16 in the final octet, such as 0, 16, 32, 48, and so on. A /29 has eight total addresses, while /30 has four. Therefore, /28 is the subnet prefix that provides a 16-address block.

Question 152

Which security mechanism prevents a switch port from accepting more than a configured number of secure MAC addresses?

1. Port Security
2. NTP
3. OSPF
4. CDP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Port Security allows a Cisco switch interface to restrict the number of secure MAC addresses that can be learned or configured on the port. This can help prevent unauthorized devices from connecting to sensitive network segments. Administrators can configure a maximum number of secure addresses and define a violation action, such as restricting traffic or shutting down the interface. NTP synchronizes time, OSPF exchanges routing information, and CDP discovers Cisco neighbors. Therefore, Port Security is the security mechanism designed to control MAC address usage on a switch port.

Question 153

Which IPv6 address is a valid global unicast address?

1. FF02::1
2. FE80::10
3. 2001:DB8:10::1
4. FC00::1

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

The address 2001:DB8:10::1 falls within the IPv6 global unicast range, although the 2001:DB8::/32 prefix is specifically reserved for documentation and examples. Global unicast addresses are generally drawn from 2000::/3 and are designed for routable communication. FF02::1 is a multicast address, FE80::10 is a link-local address, and FC00::1 belongs to the unique local address range. Therefore, 2001:DB8:10::1 has the structure of a global unicast address and is the correct choice among the options.

Question 154

Which command can verify the current configuration stored in RAM on a Cisco device?

1. show startup-config
2. show running-config
3. show flash:
4. show version brief

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

The show running-config command displays the active configuration currently stored in RAM on a Cisco device. It shows configuration settings that are actively being used, including interfaces, routing protocols, passwords, and other configured features. Changes made during a session appear in the running configuration immediately but are not automatically saved to NVRAM. The show startup-config command displays the saved configuration that will be loaded after a reboot. Therefore, show running-config is the correct command for viewing the active configuration.

Question 155

Which wireless frequency band generally provides more non-overlapping channels and less interference from common household devices than 2.4 GHz?

1. 5 GHz
2. 900 MHz
3. 2.4 GHz
4. AM radio

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

The 5 GHz wireless band generally provides more available channels and experiences less interference from many common household devices compared with the crowded 2.4 GHz band. The 2.4 GHz spectrum is commonly used by technologies such as Bluetooth and some household appliances, which can contribute to interference. Although 5 GHz signals typically have shorter range and less wall penetration than 2.4 GHz, the additional channels can improve wireless capacity and reduce congestion. Therefore, 5 GHz is the appropriate choice for this comparison.

Question 156

Which protocol is used to exchange VLAN information between switches in a Cisco network when configured for VLAN management?

1. VTP
2. FTP
3. SMTP
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

VLAN Trunking Protocol, or VTP, is a Cisco protocol designed to distribute VLAN configuration information between switches within a VTP domain. It can help administrators maintain consistent VLAN information across multiple switches when properly configured. VTP operates over trunk links and supports different operational modes depending on the IOS version and configuration. FTP transfers files, SMTP is associated with email delivery, and NTP synchronizes time. Therefore, VTP is the protocol associated with distributing VLAN information between participating Cisco switches.

Question 157

Which ICMP message is commonly used by the ping utility to test IP connectivity?

1. Echo Request and Echo Reply
2. Router Advertisement only
3. DHCP Discover
4. ARP Reply

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

The ping utility commonly uses ICMP Echo Request messages sent by the source device and ICMP Echo Reply messages returned by the destination. Successful replies indicate that the destination can receive and respond to the ICMP traffic, helping administrators verify basic IP connectivity. Ping does not use DHCP or ARP messages as its primary diagnostic mechanism, although ARP may be involved when resolving a local destination’s MAC address. Router Advertisement is an IPv6 Neighbor Discovery message. Therefore, ICMP Echo Request and Echo Reply messages are associated with ping.

Question 158

Which routing method requires an administrator to manually configure the route on a router?

1. OSPF
2. EIGRP
3. Static routing
4. RIP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Static routing requires an administrator to manually configure routes on a router. A static route specifies information such as the destination network and the next-hop address or outgoing interface. Static routes do not automatically adapt to topology changes unless administrators modify the configuration. Dynamic routing protocols such as OSPF, EIGRP, and RIP exchange routing information and can automatically update routes when network conditions change. Static routes can still be useful for small networks, default paths, backup routes, and specific routing requirements. Therefore, static routing is the correct answer.

Question 159

Which device commonly provides the default gateway function for hosts in a VLAN?

1. Router or Layer 3 switch
2. Layer 2 hub
3. Patch panel
4. Access point only

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

A router or Layer 3 switch commonly provides the default gateway for hosts within a VLAN. The gateway has an IP address on the same subnet as the hosts and receives traffic destined for remote networks. In a multilayer switch environment, an SVI can serve as the default gateway for a VLAN. In a router-on-a-stick design, a router subinterface can perform the same function. A hub and patch panel cannot perform Layer 3 routing. Therefore, a router or Layer 3 switch is the correct choice.

Question 160

Which network management protocol commonly uses a manager-agent architecture?

1. SNMP
2. FTP
3. SSH
4. TFTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

SNMP, or Simple Network Management Protocol, commonly uses a manager-agent architecture. An SNMP manager, such as a network management system, communicates with SNMP agents running on managed devices. The manager can request operational information, while agents can provide responses and send notifications about important events. This architecture allows centralized monitoring of routers, switches, servers, and other network equipment. FTP and TFTP focus on file transfers, while SSH provides secure remote access. Therefore, SNMP is the protocol that commonly uses a manager-agent model.