View Full Huawei H12-811 V2.0 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Dumps

 

Question 21.

Which VLAN port type usually carries traffic for only one VLAN and typically sends frames without VLAN tags to an end device?

1. Access port
   2. Trunk port
   3. Hybrid port only
   4. Routed port

Correct Answer: 1. Access port

Explanation:

An access port is normally assigned to a single VLAN and is commonly used to connect end devices such as PCs, printers, or IP phones in simple configurations. Frames sent to the attached end device are typically untagged. The switch internally associates those frames with the configured VLAN. Trunk ports, by contrast, are generally used between network devices and can carry traffic for multiple VLANs using VLAN tags.

Question 22.

Which port type is commonly used between switches to carry traffic for multiple VLANs?

1. Access port
   2. Trunk port
   3. Loopback interface
   4. Console port

Correct Answer: 2. Trunk port

Explanation:

A trunk port is commonly used between switches, routers, or other VLAN-aware network devices to transport traffic belonging to multiple VLANs. IEEE 802.1Q tagging allows frames to identify the VLAN to which they belong. Access ports normally carry traffic for a single VLAN. Trunk links are essential when VLANs must extend across more than one switch while remaining logically separated.

Question 23.

Which Huawei VRP command is used to create VLAN 10 from the system view?

1. vlan create 10
   2. create vlan 10
   3. vlan 10
   4. switchport vlan 10

Correct Answer: 3. vlan 10

Explanation:

On Huawei VRP devices, the vlan 10 command entered in the system view creates VLAN 10 if it does not already exist and enters the VLAN view. From there, additional VLAN-related configuration may be performed. Huawei syntax differs from that of some other vendors, so recognizing native VRP command structure is important for configuration and troubleshooting.

Question 24.

Which Huawei VRP command configures an Ethernet interface as an access port?

1. switchport mode access
   2. vlan access enable
   3. port vlan access
   4. port link-type access**

Correct Answer: 4. port link-type access

Explanation:

On Huawei VRP, the port link-type access command configures an interface to operate as an access port. The interface can then be assigned to a VLAN with the appropriate PVID-related command. The switchport mode access syntax is associated with other vendors. Knowing the Huawei-specific command format is important when configuring VLAN membership on Ethernet interfaces.

Question 25.

Which Huawei VRP command assigns an access interface to VLAN 20?

1. port default vlan 20
   2. switchport access vlan 20
   3. access vlan 20
   4. vlan membership 20

Correct Answer: 1. port default vlan 20

Explanation:

For a Huawei access interface, the port default vlan 20 command assigns the interface’s untagged traffic to VLAN 20. The interface should already be configured with the appropriate link type. This command is part of Huawei VRP syntax and differs from commands used on some other networking platforms. Correct VLAN assignment ensures the connected endpoint participates in the intended broadcast domain.

Question 26.

Which Huawei VRP command configures an Ethernet interface to operate as a trunk port?

1. switchport trunk
   2. port link-type trunk
   3. trunk enable
   4. port mode 802.1q

Correct Answer: 2. port link-type trunk

Explanation:

The port link-type trunk command places a Huawei Ethernet interface into trunk mode. A trunk can carry traffic for multiple VLANs, typically using IEEE 802.1Q tags. Additional commands specify which VLANs are permitted across the trunk. Trunk configuration must match the intended VLAN design on both ends of the link to avoid connectivity problems.

Question 27.

Which Huawei VRP command allows VLANs 10 and 20 to pass through a trunk interface?

1. trunk vlan 10 20
   2. switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20
   3. port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
   4. vlan trunk permit 10 20

Correct Answer: 3. port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20

Explanation:

The port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 command permits VLANs 10 and 20 on a Huawei trunk interface. A trunk does not necessarily forward every VLAN automatically, so administrators must confirm the allow-pass configuration. If a VLAN is missing from the permitted list, devices in that VLAN may lose connectivity across the trunk even though the physical link remains up.

Question 28.

Which protocol prevents Layer 2 loops in a switched Ethernet network by placing redundant paths into a blocking state when necessary?

1. OSPF
   2. ARP
   3. DHCP
   4. STP**

Correct Answer: 4. STP

Explanation:

Spanning Tree Protocol, or STP, prevents Layer 2 switching loops by creating a loop-free logical topology. It selects a root bridge and determines which redundant links should forward traffic and which should remain blocked. Without loop prevention, redundant Ethernet paths can cause broadcast storms, duplicate frames, and MAC-table instability. STP allows redundancy to exist while preventing those loop-related problems.

Question 29.

Which device becomes the central reference point in an STP topology?

1. Root bridge
   2. DHCP server
   3. Default gateway
   4. DNS server

Correct Answer: 1. Root bridge

Explanation:

STP elects one switch as the root bridge. All other switches calculate their best paths toward this root, and port roles are selected based on that logical topology. The root bridge is chosen using bridge ID information. Proper root placement can influence traffic paths and convergence behavior, so administrators often configure bridge priorities deliberately instead of relying on a default election.

Question 30.

Which value is primarily used by STP to elect the root bridge?

1. Highest IP address
   2. Lowest bridge ID
   3. Highest MAC address
   4. Lowest interface number

Correct Answer: 2. Lowest bridge ID

Explanation:

STP elects the switch with the lowest bridge ID as the root bridge. The bridge ID contains a bridge priority component and a MAC-address-related component. Administrators can influence root election by adjusting bridge priority. The root bridge then becomes the reference point for selecting forwarding paths through the Layer 2 topology.

Question 31.

Which routing protocol is classified as a link-state interior gateway protocol?

1. RIP
   2. BGP
   3. OSPF
   4. ARP

Correct Answer: 3. OSPF

Explanation:

OSPF is a link-state Interior Gateway Protocol used to exchange routing information within an autonomous system. Routers build a link-state database and calculate shortest paths using the SPF algorithm. RIP is a distance-vector protocol, while BGP is primarily an inter-domain path-vector routing protocol. OSPF supports hierarchical design through areas and is widely used in enterprise IP networks.

Question 32.

Which metric does OSPF primarily use when selecting the best route?

1. Hop count only
   2. Delay only
   3. MAC address
   4. Cost**

Correct Answer: 4. Cost

Explanation:

OSPF uses cost as its routing metric. Interface cost is commonly derived from bandwidth, although administrators can configure it manually. When multiple paths to the same destination exist, OSPF compares total path costs and prefers the lower-cost route. This differs from RIP, which primarily uses hop count. OSPF’s cost-based approach provides more flexibility for selecting efficient network paths.

Question 33.

Which protocol primarily uses hop count as its routing metric?

1. RIP
   2. OSPF
   3. ARP
   4. STP

Correct Answer: 1. RIP

Explanation:

RIP is a distance-vector routing protocol that primarily uses hop count as its metric. Routes with fewer router hops are preferred. RIP has a maximum usable hop count of 15, which limits scalability. OSPF uses cost, while ARP and STP serve entirely different functions. RIP is simpler than many modern routing protocols but is generally more suitable for small networks.

Question 34.

Which IPv4 route represents the default route?

1. 127.0.0.0/8
   2. 0.0.0.0/0
   3. 255.255.255.255/32
   4. 224.0.0.0/4

Correct Answer: 2. 0.0.0.0/0

Explanation:

The IPv4 default route is represented as 0.0.0.0/0. Because its prefix length is zero, it can match any IPv4 destination that does not have a more specific route in the routing table. Default routes are commonly used to forward unknown destinations toward an upstream router or internet gateway. More specific routes always take precedence under longest-prefix matching.

Question 35.

Which Huawei VRP command can be used to configure a static IPv4 route?

1. route add
   2. static-route create
   3. ip route-static
   4. ip route add

Correct Answer: 3. ip route-static

Explanation:

Huawei VRP uses the ip route-static command to configure a static IPv4 route. The command specifies the destination network and the next hop or outbound interface as appropriate. Static routes are manually configured and do not adapt automatically to topology changes unless additional mechanisms are used. They are commonly used in small networks, stub networks, and for default routing.

Question 36.

Which function does NAT primarily provide?

1. Encrypting Ethernet frames
   2. Electing an STP root bridge
   3. Resolving hostnames
   4. Translating IP addresses**

Correct Answer: 4. Translating IP addresses

Explanation:

Network Address Translation, or NAT, changes IP address information as traffic passes between networks. It is frequently used to allow devices with private IPv4 addresses to communicate with public networks. Different forms of NAT include static, dynamic, and port-based address translation. NAT does not perform DNS resolution or STP election, although NAT devices may also provide firewall or routing functions.

Question 37.

Which NAT method allows multiple private hosts to share one public IPv4 address by using different transport-layer port numbers?

1. NAPT
   2. Static NAT only
   3. DNS proxying
   4. ARP proxying

Correct Answer: 1. NAPT

Explanation:

NAPT, also called Port Address Translation in some environments, allows multiple internal devices to share a single public IPv4 address. It differentiates sessions by translating transport-layer port numbers in addition to IP addresses. This is widely used in home and enterprise internet access because many private hosts can communicate externally while consuming relatively few public IPv4 addresses.

Question 38.

Which service allows administrators to securely manage a Huawei network device remotely through an encrypted command-line session?

1. Telnet
   2. SSH
   3. TFTP
   4. HTTP

Correct Answer: 2. SSH

Explanation:

SSH provides encrypted remote command-line access and is preferred over Telnet for secure device management. It protects credentials and administrative traffic from straightforward interception. Huawei devices can be configured to support SSH-based remote administration. Telnet transmits information without comparable encryption, making it unsuitable for secure management across untrusted networks.

Question 39.

Which protocol is primarily used to monitor and manage network devices using management information and counters?

1. FTP
   2. SMTP
   3. SNMP
   4. ARP

Correct Answer: 3. SNMP

Explanation:

SNMP, or Simple Network Management Protocol, is used to monitor and manage network devices. Management systems can retrieve information such as interface status, traffic counters, CPU utilization, and other operational data. Devices can also send notifications such as traps. FTP transfers files, SMTP handles email, and ARP resolves local IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses.

Question 40.

A router has routes 10.0.0.0/8, 10.1.0.0/16, and 10.1.1.0/24. Which route will be selected for destination 10.1.1.50?

1. 10.0.0.0/8
   2. 10.1.0.0/16
   3. All routes are equally preferred
   4. 10.1.1.0/24**

Correct Answer: 4. 10.1.1.0/24

Explanation:

The destination 10.1.1.50 matches all three routes, but routers apply longest-prefix matching. The /24 route contains the greatest number of matching network bits and is therefore the most specific route. It is selected ahead of the /16 and /8 routes. Longest-prefix matching is a fundamental routing principle and applies before comparing metrics among routes to the same prefix.