View Full Huawei H12-811 V2.0 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Dumps

 

Question 201.

Which routing protocol uses hop count as its primary metric?

1. RIP
   2. OSPF
   3. BGP
   4. IS-IS

Correct Answer: 1. RIP

Explanation:

RIP is a distance-vector routing protocol that uses hop count as its primary metric. A route with fewer hops is normally preferred. RIP considers 16 hops unreachable, which limits its scalability. OSPF and IS-IS are link-state protocols, while BGP is a path-vector protocol. Because of its simple metric and slower convergence, RIP is generally more suitable for smaller networks than large enterprise environments.

Question 202.

Which routing protocol calculates paths using a link-state database and the SPF algorithm?

1. RIP
   2. OSPF
   3. ARP
   4. DHCP

Correct Answer: 2. OSPF

Explanation:

OSPF is a link-state routing protocol. Routers exchange Link State Advertisements, build a link-state database, and run the Shortest Path First algorithm to determine the best routes. This approach provides faster convergence and better scalability than simple distance-vector protocols such as RIP. ARP and DHCP are not routing protocols and perform local address resolution and address assignment respectively.

Question 203.

Which OSPF metric is used to compare possible routes to the same destination?

1. Hop count only
   2. MAC address
   3. Cost
   4. VLAN ID

Correct Answer: 3. Cost

Explanation:

OSPF uses cost as its routing metric. The total cost of a path is calculated from the costs of the interfaces along that path, and a lower total cost is generally preferred. Interface cost is commonly related to bandwidth, though it can be configured manually. Hop count is associated with RIP, while MAC addresses and VLAN IDs are not OSPF route metrics.

Question 204.

Which OSPF area must exist as the backbone in a multi-area OSPF network?

1. Area 1
   2. Area 10
   3. Area 100
   4. Area 0**

Correct Answer: 4. Area 0

Explanation:

Area 0 is the OSPF backbone area. In a normal multi-area OSPF design, non-backbone areas connect to Area 0 through Area Border Routers. The backbone provides the central path for inter-area routing information. Using multiple areas can improve scalability by limiting the scope of topology information and SPF calculations.

Question 205.

Which OSPF router type connects Area 0 to another OSPF area?

1. Area Border Router
   2. Designated Router
   3. Backup Designated Router
   4. Internal router only

Correct Answer: 1. Area Border Router

Explanation:

An Area Border Router, or ABR, has interfaces in more than one OSPF area and connects non-backbone areas to the backbone. It maintains information for the areas it connects and participates in inter-area route exchange. Designated and Backup Designated Routers perform roles on certain multiaccess networks but do not necessarily connect multiple OSPF areas.

Question 206.

Which OSPF router is elected on a broadcast network to reduce the number of full adjacencies?

1. ABR
   2. Designated Router
   3. ASBR
   4. Default router

Correct Answer: 2. Designated Router

Explanation:

OSPF elects a Designated Router, or DR, on broadcast multiaccess networks to reduce the number of full adjacencies that would otherwise be required between all routers. A Backup Designated Router is also elected for redundancy. Routers exchange topology information through the DR and BDR, reducing protocol overhead on shared network segments.

Question 207.

Which OSPF parameter can prevent two directly connected routers from becoming neighbors if it does not match?

1. Interface description
   2. Hostname
   3. Area ID
   4. Device serial number

Correct Answer: 3. Area ID

Explanation:

OSPF neighbors on the same link must agree on several important parameters, including the area ID. If two connected interfaces belong to different OSPF areas, the routers will not form a normal adjacency. Other parameters such as Hello and Dead intervals and authentication settings can also affect neighbor formation. Hostnames and interface descriptions do not need to match.

Question 208.

Which Huawei VRP command can be used to verify OSPF neighbor relationships?

1. display vlan
   2. display mac-address
   3. display arp
   4. display ospf peer**

Correct Answer: 4. display ospf peer

Explanation:

The display ospf peer command shows OSPF neighbor information on Huawei VRP devices. It is useful for checking whether expected neighbors have formed and what state those relationships are in. If an adjacency is missing, administrators can then investigate area assignments, timers, network type, addressing, authentication, and physical connectivity.

Question 209.

Which BGP session type is used between routers that belong to different autonomous systems?

1. eBGP
   2. iBGP
   3. OSPF
   4. LACP

Correct Answer: 1. eBGP

Explanation:

External BGP, or eBGP, is used between routers in different autonomous systems. It is commonly used between organizations, service providers, and other independently administered networks. Internal BGP, or iBGP, operates within a single autonomous system. OSPF and LACP serve different routing and link-aggregation functions.

Question 210.

Which BGP attribute records the autonomous systems a route advertisement has traversed?

1. NEXT_HOP
   2. AS_PATH
   3. VLAN ID
   4. OSPF cost

Correct Answer: 2. AS_PATH

Explanation:

AS_PATH lists the autonomous system numbers through which a BGP route has passed. It is important for loop prevention because a BGP router normally rejects a route that already contains its own autonomous system number. AS_PATH can also influence route selection. VLAN IDs and OSPF costs are unrelated to BGP path history.

Question 211.

Which BGP session type is formed between BGP routers within the same autonomous system?

1. eBGP
   2. OSPF
   3. iBGP
   4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 3. iBGP

Explanation:

Internal BGP, or iBGP, is used between BGP-speaking routers inside the same autonomous system. It can distribute externally learned BGP routes throughout the organization. eBGP operates between different autonomous systems. OSPF and VRRP serve different purposes and do not create BGP peer sessions.

Question 212.

Which network technology is used to separate a switched network into multiple logical broadcast domains?

1. NAT
   2. DHCP
   3. DNS
   4. VLAN**

Correct Answer: 4. VLAN

Explanation:

A VLAN logically divides a Layer 2 switched network into separate broadcast domains. Devices in different VLANs cannot communicate directly at Layer 2 and normally require routing between them. VLANs are commonly used to separate departments, services, security zones, or other logical groups while sharing the same switching infrastructure.

Question 213.

Which IEEE standard defines VLAN tagging on Ethernet frames?

1. IEEE 802.1Q
   2. IEEE 802.11
   3. IEEE 802.3u only
   4. IEEE 802.1X

Correct Answer: 1. IEEE 802.1Q

Explanation:

IEEE 802.1Q defines the VLAN tagging mechanism used on Ethernet trunk links. The tag identifies which VLAN a frame belongs to, allowing multiple VLANs to share one physical link. IEEE 802.11 defines wireless LAN technology, while IEEE 802.1X is associated with port-based network access control.

Question 214.

Which type of switch port normally connects to an endpoint that belongs to a single VLAN?

1. Trunk port
   2. Access port
   3. Routed port only
   4. Console port

Correct Answer: 2. Access port

Explanation:

An access port is normally assigned to one VLAN and connects to end devices such as PCs, printers, and many servers. Frames sent to the endpoint are typically untagged. Trunk ports are generally used between VLAN-aware devices and carry multiple VLANs. Proper access-port configuration ensures the endpoint is placed in the intended broadcast domain.

Question 215.

Which type of switch port commonly carries multiple VLANs between switches?

1. Access port
   2. Console port
   3. Trunk port
   4. Management-only port

Correct Answer: 3. Trunk port

Explanation:

A trunk port carries traffic for multiple VLANs, typically by using IEEE 802.1Q tags. Trunks are commonly configured between switches, routers, firewalls, and other VLAN-aware network devices. Access ports usually carry a single VLAN to an endpoint. VLAN permissions must be correctly configured on trunks so required VLAN traffic can cross the link.

Question 216.

Which Huawei VRP command configures an interface as a trunk port?

1. trunk enable
   2. switchport mode trunk
   3. vlan trunk
   4. port link-type trunk**

Correct Answer: 4. port link-type trunk

Explanation:

On Huawei VRP, the port link-type trunk command configures an interface to operate as a trunk. Additional configuration can specify which VLANs are permitted across that trunk. Huawei command syntax differs from some other vendors, so knowing the VRP form is important when configuring and troubleshooting VLAN connectivity.

Question 217.

Which Huawei VRP command assigns an access interface to VLAN 30?

1. port default vlan 30
   2. switchport access vlan 30
   3. vlan access 30
   4. port vlan-id 30

Correct Answer: 1. port default vlan 30

Explanation:

The port default vlan 30 command assigns an access interface to VLAN 30 on Huawei VRP. The interface should normally first be configured with port link-type access. Correctly assigning the access VLAN ensures that untagged traffic from the connected endpoint is associated with the intended VLAN.

Question 218.

Which Huawei VRP command allows VLANs 10, 20, and 30 to pass over a trunk?

1. switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30
   2. port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30
   3. trunk permit vlan 10 20 30
   4. vlan trunk list 10 20 30

Correct Answer: 2. port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30

Explanation:

The port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 command permits VLANs 10, 20, and 30 to cross a Huawei trunk interface. If a required VLAN is not included in the allowed list, traffic for that VLAN may fail even though the physical trunk link remains operational.

Question 219.

Which Huawei logical interface can act as a Layer 3 gateway for hosts in a VLAN?

1. Eth-Trunk only
   2. LoopBack
   3. Vlanif
   4. Console

Correct Answer: 3. Vlanif

Explanation:

A Vlanif interface provides Layer 3 functionality for a VLAN on a Huawei Layer 3 switch. It can be assigned an IP address that hosts use as their default gateway. Multiple Vlanif interfaces can support inter-VLAN routing between different VLANs. Eth-Trunk, LoopBack, and console interfaces serve different networking and management purposes.

Question 220.

Hosts in VLAN 10 and VLAN 20 can communicate within their own VLANs but not with each other. What is most likely missing?

1. A DNS server
   2. An NTP server
   3. LLDP configuration
   4. Inter-VLAN routing**

Correct Answer: 4. Inter-VLAN routing

Explanation:

VLAN 10 and VLAN 20 are separate Layer 2 broadcast domains. Hosts within each VLAN can communicate through switching, but communication between the VLANs requires Layer 3 routing. A router or Layer 3 switch with correctly configured gateway interfaces can provide inter-VLAN routing. DNS, NTP, and LLDP do not provide communication between separate IP subnets.