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Question 41

Which feature allows an Aruba CX switch to use multiple physical links as a single logical connection?

1. LLDP
2. VRRP
3. OSPF
4. LACP

Correct Answer: 4

Explanation

Link Aggregation Control Protocol, or LACP, allows multiple physical Ethernet interfaces to operate together as a logical aggregated connection. This can provide increased aggregate bandwidth and redundancy between network devices. If one member link fails, the remaining active links can continue forwarding traffic when sufficient capacity is available. LACP also helps dynamically establish and maintain the aggregation relationship between compatible devices. LLDP is used for neighbor discovery, VRRP provides gateway redundancy, and OSPF exchanges routing information. LACP is commonly used between switches and servers where resilient connectivity and efficient use of multiple physical links are required.

Question 42

Which protocol is commonly used to provide dynamic routing within an enterprise network?

1. FTP
2. OSPF
3. RADIUS
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Open Shortest Path First, or OSPF, is a dynamic interior gateway routing protocol commonly used within enterprise networks. It allows routers and Layer 3 switches to exchange information about available networks and calculate paths through the network. OSPF uses a link-state database and supports hierarchical designs through areas. FTP is a file-transfer protocol, RADIUS provides authentication and accounting services, and LLDP discovers directly connected devices. OSPF can provide dynamic route learning and convergence when network topology changes, making it suitable for environments where manually maintaining static routes would be impractical.

Question 43

What is the main purpose of DHCP snooping on an Aruba CX switch?

1. To protect the network from unauthorized DHCP servers
2. To synchronize device clocks
3. To aggregate Ethernet links
4. To provide dynamic routing

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

DHCP snooping helps protect a switched network by identifying trusted and untrusted interfaces for DHCP traffic. Typically, the interface connected to an authorized DHCP server is trusted, while client-facing interfaces are untrusted. DHCP server responses received from unauthorized interfaces can then be blocked. DHCP snooping also creates binding information that can support additional security features. It does not synchronize clocks, aggregate links, or provide routing. This feature is particularly valuable for reducing the risk of rogue DHCP servers distributing incorrect IP addresses, gateways, or DNS information to network clients.

Question 44

Which HPE Aruba Networking technology provides a redundant Layer 3 gateway for hosts?

1. MSTP
2. LACP
3. VRRP
4. sFlow

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol, or VRRP, provides gateway redundancy by allowing multiple Layer 3 devices to participate in a virtual router configuration. Hosts can use a virtual IP address as their default gateway. If the active gateway becomes unavailable, another participating device can assume the forwarding role. This helps reduce the impact of a single gateway failure. MSTP provides Layer 2 loop prevention, LACP aggregates physical links, and sFlow provides sampled traffic monitoring. VRRP is therefore useful for improving gateway availability in enterprise networks where uninterrupted access to routed services is important.

Question 45

Which protocol is primarily responsible for preventing Layer 2 loops in a redundant switched topology?

1. STP
2. BGP
3. NTP
4. DHCP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Spanning Tree Protocol prevents Layer 2 loops by calculating a loop-free logical topology across interconnected switches. Redundant links can remain physically connected while selected paths are placed into a non-forwarding state. If an active path fails, spanning-tree mechanisms can allow an alternate path to become available. Without loop prevention, redundant Ethernet connections can result in broadcast storms, duplicate frames, and unstable MAC address learning. BGP handles routing between autonomous systems, NTP synchronizes clocks, and DHCP provides IP configuration. STP is therefore fundamental to maintaining stability in redundant Layer 2 networks.

Question 46

Which protocol provides secure remote command-line access to an Aruba CX switch?

1. SSH
2. TFTP
3. SNMP
4. DHCP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Secure Shell, or SSH, provides encrypted remote command-line access to network devices. It protects administrative communication by encrypting the session, including credentials and commands exchanged between the administrator and the switch. SSH is preferred over insecure remote-management methods such as Telnet. TFTP is primarily used for simple file transfers, SNMP is commonly used for monitoring and management information, and DHCP provides network configuration. Secure remote access should also be combined with strong authentication, appropriate management access restrictions, and proper credential controls to reduce the risk of unauthorized administrative access.

Question 47

Which protocol allows network devices to advertise information about their directly connected neighbors?

1. NTP
2. RADIUS
3. LLDP
4. BGP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Link Layer Discovery Protocol, or LLDP, allows compatible network devices to exchange information about themselves with directly connected neighbors. Administrators can use LLDP information to identify connected devices, interfaces, system names, capabilities, and other available details. This is useful for discovering physical topology and troubleshooting unexpected connections. NTP provides time synchronization, RADIUS supports authentication and accounting, and BGP exchanges routing information. LLDP can significantly simplify network documentation because administrators can obtain information about physical connections directly from the network infrastructure rather than relying only on manually maintained diagrams.

Question 48

Which IPv4 protocol resolves a local IP address to a MAC address?

1. DNS
2. ARP
3. BGP
4. OSPF

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Address Resolution Protocol, or ARP, is used in IPv4 networks to determine the MAC address associated with a known local IPv4 address. When a host needs to communicate with another device on the local network but does not know its MAC address, it can send an ARP request. The destination device responds with its MAC address, allowing the sender to construct the appropriate Ethernet frame. DNS resolves names to addresses, while BGP and OSPF exchange routing information. ARP behavior is important when troubleshooting local connectivity and examining IP-to-MAC relationships.

Question 49

What is the main purpose of an SVI on an Aruba CX switch?

1. To provide a logical Layer 3 interface for a VLAN
2. To synchronize network clocks
3. To aggregate physical ports
4. To authenticate administrators

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

A Switch Virtual Interface, or SVI, is a logical Layer 3 interface associated with a VLAN. It can have an IP address and can serve as the default gateway for devices within that VLAN. When multiple SVIs are configured on a Layer 3 switch, the switch can perform inter-VLAN routing between them, subject to the appropriate routing and security configuration. SVIs are different from physical switch interfaces because they represent logical VLAN interfaces. They are widely used in campus and enterprise networks to provide gateway services and enable communication between different VLANs.

Question 50

Which protocol is commonly used to synchronize the time on network devices?

1. NTP
2. VRRP
3. LACP
4. MSTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Network Time Protocol, or NTP, synchronizes system clocks across networked devices. Accurate time is important for event logging, troubleshooting, authentication, monitoring, and security investigations. When switches, routers, servers, and security systems use synchronized clocks, administrators can correlate events more accurately across multiple systems. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, LACP manages link aggregation, and MSTP provides Layer 2 loop prevention. NTP can use centralized or hierarchical time sources so that network devices maintain consistent timestamps. Proper time synchronization is especially important when investigating incidents involving multiple systems.

Question 51

Which technology can provide centralized authentication and authorization for network access?

1. RADIUS
2. STP
3. LACP
4. sFlow

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

RADIUS is commonly used to provide centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting for network access. It can work with technologies such as 802.1X to authenticate users or devices before network access is granted. Centralized authentication allows administrators to manage access policies and credentials through a common service rather than maintaining separate accounts on every switch. STP prevents Layer 2 loops, LACP manages link aggregation, and sFlow provides traffic monitoring. RADIUS is therefore an important component of enterprise access-control architectures and can also provide accounting information for administrative or user sessions.

Question 52

Which routing protocol is designed primarily for exchanging routes between autonomous systems?

1. OSPF
2. BGP
3. LLDP
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Border Gateway Protocol, or BGP, is designed primarily for exchanging routing information between autonomous systems. It is widely used for Internet routing and complex enterprise or service-provider environments where routing policies need to be applied between different administrative domains. BGP uses path attributes to influence route selection and policy decisions. OSPF is an interior gateway protocol normally used within an autonomous system, LLDP is a neighbor discovery protocol, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. BGP is particularly valuable when an organization has multiple external routing relationships or needs detailed control over route advertisements and selection.

Question 53

Which feature can help detect and block unauthorized ARP information when used with DHCP snooping data?

1. Dynamic ARP Protection
2. NTP
3. LACP
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Dynamic ARP Protection can use trusted IP-to-MAC binding information to validate ARP traffic and help prevent spoofed ARP messages. DHCP snooping can provide binding information that associates an IP address with a MAC address and switch interface. This allows the switch to identify ARP packets that do not match expected information. Such protections can help reduce the risk of ARP spoofing and man-in-the-middle attacks on a Layer 2 network. NTP, LACP, and VRRP perform different functions and do not provide ARP validation. Proper configuration is important to avoid blocking legitimate traffic.

Question 54

Which feature is most appropriate for monitoring sampled network traffic and identifying high-volume traffic sources?

1. VRRP
2. sFlow
3. DHCP snooping
4. STP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

sFlow provides sampled traffic information that can be collected and analyzed to understand network utilization and traffic behavior. It can help administrators identify high-volume sources, destinations, interfaces, and protocols without requiring complete packet capture of all network traffic. This makes it useful for monitoring large networks and supporting capacity planning and troubleshooting. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, DHCP snooping protects DHCP operations and creates binding information, and STP prevents Layer 2 loops. sFlow is especially useful when administrators need broad visibility into traffic patterns across many network interfaces.

Question 55

Which OSPF feature allows a large routing domain to be divided into smaller logical areas?

1. OSPF areas
2. VLAN tagging
3. LACP groups
4. RADIUS realms

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

OSPF areas allow a large routing domain to be divided into smaller logical sections. This hierarchical design can reduce the amount of link-state information that must be processed within an individual area and can improve scalability. Area 0 is normally used as the OSPF backbone, with other areas connected to it according to the routing design. VLAN tagging is associated with Layer 2 segmentation, LACP groups aggregate physical links, and RADIUS realms are related to authentication environments. Proper OSPF area planning can improve routing scalability and help organize large enterprise networks.

Question 56

Which mechanism can be used to provide a backup path when a preferred static route is unavailable?

1. LLDP
2. Floating static route
3. NTP
4. DHCP snooping

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A floating static route can provide a backup path by assigning it a higher administrative distance than the preferred route. The primary route is selected while it remains available. If it disappears from the routing table, the floating static route can become the preferred available path. This technique is useful when administrators need a simple backup routing mechanism without deploying a more complex dynamic routing protocol. LLDP provides neighbor discovery, NTP synchronizes time, and DHCP snooping provides DHCP security and binding information. Floating static routes should be designed carefully to ensure the backup path actually provides the intended connectivity.

Question 57

Which technology is used to authenticate devices or users before allowing access to a wired switch port?

1. BGP
2. NTP
3. 802.1X
4. LACP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

IEEE 802.1X provides port-based network access control. It can require a user or device to authenticate before the switch allows normal network access through a protected port. In many enterprise environments, the switch acts as the authenticator and communicates with a RADIUS server to validate authentication credentials or certificates. BGP handles routing information exchange, NTP provides time synchronization, and LACP manages link aggregation. 802.1X can help organizations enforce access policies at the network edge and reduce the possibility of unauthorized devices gaining access simply by connecting to an Ethernet port.

Question 58

What is the primary purpose of DHCP relay?

1. To encrypt DHCP traffic
2. To forward DHCP requests between different IP subnets
3. To provide Layer 2 loop prevention
4. To create an LACP bundle

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

DHCP relay allows DHCP clients to communicate with a DHCP server located on a different IP subnet. Because routers normally do not forward local DHCP broadcasts across Layer 3 boundaries, the relay agent receives the request and forwards it toward the configured DHCP server. This allows organizations to centralize DHCP services while supporting clients across many VLANs or subnets. DHCP relay does not encrypt DHCP traffic, prevent Layer 2 loops, or create link aggregation groups. Correct relay configuration is essential when DHCP servers are located outside the clients’ local broadcast domain.

Question 59

Which protocol is most appropriate for discovering the physical neighbor connected to a switch port?

1. LLDP
2. OSPF
3. RADIUS
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

LLDP is designed to allow network devices to advertise and receive information about directly connected neighbors. On an Aruba CX switch, LLDP information can help administrators determine which device is connected to a particular interface. This can be useful for verifying cabling, documenting topology, identifying access points or phones, and troubleshooting unexpected connections. OSPF exchanges routing information, RADIUS handles centralized authentication and accounting, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. Because LLDP operates at the data-link layer and discovers directly connected devices, it is an appropriate tool for physical topology investigation.

Question 60

Which configuration is required when a single Ethernet link must transport traffic for multiple VLANs between switches?

1. Loopback configuration
2. Trunk configuration
3. Access-only configuration
4. Static routing configuration

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A trunk configuration allows a physical Ethernet connection to transport traffic belonging to multiple VLANs. VLAN tagging, commonly based on IEEE 802.1Q, allows the receiving switch to determine which VLAN is associated with each tagged frame. Trunks are frequently used between switches and other devices that need connectivity to multiple VLANs. An access configuration normally associates a port with a single VLAN, while loopback interfaces are logical interfaces used for other purposes. Static routing does not provide the Layer 2 VLAN transport function required between switches. Proper trunk configuration is essential for maintaining VLAN connectivity across interconnected switching infrastructure.