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Question 181

Which Aruba CX feature allows two switches to provide a highly available switching pair with synchronized state information?

1. VRRP
2. STP
3. VSX
4. LACP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

VSX is an Aruba CX technology designed to provide high availability by pairing two switches while keeping their control planes independent. Selected state and configuration information can be synchronized between the VSX peers, allowing them to provide resilient connectivity to downstream devices. VSX can also be combined with multi-chassis LAG to provide aggregated connections across both switches. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and LACP manages link aggregation. VSX is especially useful in campus and data-center designs where network availability and redundancy are important requirements.

Question 182

Which protocol is commonly used to dynamically exchange internal IPv4 routing information in an enterprise network?

1. OSPF
2. RADIUS
3. LLDP
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

OSPF is a dynamic interior gateway routing protocol commonly used within enterprise networks. It allows routers and Layer 3 switches to exchange information about reachable networks and calculate paths based on the topology. OSPF uses areas to support scalable network designs and can automatically adapt when links or routes change. RADIUS is used for authentication and accounting, LLDP discovers directly connected neighbors, and NTP synchronizes device clocks. OSPF is particularly useful when administrators need dynamic route learning and convergence instead of maintaining large numbers of static routes manually.

Question 183

Which security feature can build a database of IP-to-MAC address bindings from DHCP activity?

1. VRRP
2. DHCP snooping
3. BGP
4. STP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

DHCP snooping can create a binding database containing information such as a client IP address, MAC address, VLAN, and switch interface. This information is learned from DHCP transactions and can be used by other security features. For example, Dynamic ARP Protection can use trusted bindings to validate ARP traffic. DHCP snooping also helps prevent rogue DHCP servers by distinguishing trusted interfaces from untrusted ones. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, BGP provides routing between autonomous systems, and STP prevents Layer 2 loops. DHCP snooping is therefore an important Layer 2 security capability.

Question 184

Which protocol provides centralized authentication for network access devices and users?

1. RADIUS
2. LACP
3. OSPF
4. STP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

RADIUS is commonly used to provide centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting services for network access. Network devices such as switches can send authentication requests to a RADIUS server instead of maintaining all user credentials locally. RADIUS is frequently integrated with 802.1X for wired or wireless access control. LACP manages link aggregation, OSPF exchanges routing information, and STP prevents Layer 2 loops. Centralized authentication helps administrators apply consistent access policies and simplifies account management across multiple network devices.

Question 185

Which Aruba CX technology can provide redundancy for a default gateway using a shared virtual address?

1. sFlow
2. VRRP
3. LLDP
4. NAE

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

VRRP provides default-gateway redundancy by allowing multiple Layer 3 devices to participate in a virtual router configuration. Hosts can use a shared virtual IP address as their default gateway. One device normally handles forwarding while another participating device can assume the role if the active device becomes unavailable. sFlow is used for traffic monitoring, LLDP provides neighbor discovery, and NAE provides network analytics capabilities. VRRP is useful in enterprise networks because it helps maintain gateway availability without requiring hosts to change their configured default gateway address.

Question 186

Which protocol is used by network devices to advertise their identity and capabilities to directly connected neighbors?

1. DHCP
2. BGP
3. LLDP
4. RADIUS

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

LLDP is a Layer 2 discovery protocol that allows network devices to advertise information about themselves to directly connected neighbors. Information can include the device identity, interface details, and supported capabilities. Administrators can use this information to verify physical connectivity and troubleshoot topology problems. DHCP is used for IP configuration, BGP exchanges routing information, and RADIUS provides authentication services. LLDP is particularly useful during deployment because it can help administrators determine which devices are physically connected to specific switch interfaces.

Question 187

Which protocol is used to maintain accurate time across network infrastructure?

1. OSPF
2. NTP
3. LACP
4. ARP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Network Time Protocol is used to synchronize clocks across network devices. Accurate time is important for event logging, troubleshooting, monitoring, authentication, and security investigations. When devices maintain synchronized timestamps, administrators can correlate events across multiple systems much more effectively. OSPF provides dynamic routing, LACP manages aggregated links, and ARP resolves IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses. NTP should be configured with reliable time sources, and administrators should verify synchronization status and offsets to ensure devices are actually maintaining accurate time.

Question 188

Which technology can provide visibility into traffic patterns by sampling packets and interface statistics?

1. sFlow
2. VRRP
3. DHCP snooping
4. 802.1X

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

sFlow provides network traffic visibility by sampling packets and collecting interface-related statistics. The sampled information can be sent to a monitoring or analysis system where administrators can examine traffic patterns. This can help identify heavily utilized interfaces, major traffic sources, and unusual network behavior. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, DHCP snooping provides Layer 2 security, and 802.1X controls network access. Because sFlow uses sampling rather than requiring every packet to be fully processed for monitoring, it can provide useful visibility with relatively low monitoring overhead.

Question 189

Which feature helps protect an IPv4 network against forged ARP information?

1. NTP
2. LACP
3. Dynamic ARP Protection
4. BGP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Dynamic ARP Protection helps protect against ARP spoofing by validating ARP packets against trusted IP-to-MAC binding information. In many deployments, DHCP snooping provides the binding information used for validation. When an ARP message does not match expected information, the switch can take action according to its security configuration. NTP synchronizes time, LACP manages link aggregation, and BGP exchanges routing information. Dynamic ARP Protection is therefore useful as part of a layered security design for reducing the risk of malicious ARP manipulation within a Layer 2 network.

Question 190

Which routing principle causes a router to prefer a /24 route over a /16 route when both match the destination?

1. Administrative distance
2. Longest prefix match
3. Link aggregation
4. VLAN priority

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Longest prefix match means that the most specific matching network prefix is selected for forwarding. A /24 route represents a smaller and more specific address range than a /16 route. Therefore, if both routes contain the destination address, the /24 route is selected. This principle allows routing tables to contain broad summary routes while also maintaining more specific paths for individual networks. Administrative distance can influence which routing source is preferred when routes to the same destination prefix are learned from different sources, but longest prefix matching determines the most specific applicable route.

Question 191

Which Aruba CX capability can analyze switch telemetry and generate alerts based on configured conditions?

1. NAE
2. ARP
3. VRRP
4. STP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

The Aruba Network Analytics Engine can monitor operational data and analyze conditions on Aruba CX switches. NAE uses monitoring agents and defined logic to identify events or conditions that may require administrator attention. This can support proactive troubleshooting by alerting administrators to selected operational problems rather than requiring continuous manual inspection. ARP provides IPv4 address resolution, VRRP provides gateway redundancy, and STP prevents Layer 2 loops. NAE can therefore improve operational visibility and help administrators investigate network behavior more efficiently.

Question 192

Which protocol is used to negotiate and maintain a Link Aggregation Group?

1. RADIUS
2. LACP
3. OSPF
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

LACP, or Link Aggregation Control Protocol, is used to dynamically establish and maintain link aggregation between compatible devices. It allows multiple physical interfaces to operate as a logical aggregated connection. This can provide additional bandwidth and redundancy compared with relying on a single physical link. RADIUS provides authentication, OSPF provides routing, and NTP synchronizes clocks. LACP is commonly used on switch uplinks and server connections. Administrators should ensure that the participating interfaces have compatible configuration so that the intended aggregation group can form successfully.

Question 193

Which protocol is primarily responsible for exchanging routing information between different autonomous systems?

1. STP
2. OSPF
3. BGP
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

BGP is the routing protocol designed for exchanging routing information between autonomous systems. It is fundamental to Internet routing and is also used in enterprise environments with multiple external routing relationships. BGP supports policy-based routing decisions through attributes that influence route selection and advertisement. STP operates at Layer 2 to prevent switching loops, OSPF is commonly used for internal routing, and LLDP discovers directly connected devices. Because BGP can influence large numbers of routes and traffic paths, configuration and route-policy changes should be carefully planned and verified.

Question 194

Which switch interface type normally carries traffic for multiple VLANs?

1. Access
2. Trunk
3. Loopback
4. Management-only

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A trunk interface is designed to carry traffic for multiple VLANs over a single physical connection. VLAN identification is typically maintained through tagging mechanisms so that the receiving device can distinguish traffic belonging to different VLANs. Trunks are commonly used between switches, between switches and routers, or between switches and virtualization infrastructure. An access interface normally carries traffic for one VLAN, while loopback and management interfaces serve different purposes. Correct trunk configuration is essential because mismatched VLAN permissions or tagging can prevent specific VLANs from communicating across an uplink.

Question 195

Which mechanism forwards DHCP requests from clients across a Layer 3 boundary to a DHCP server?

1. DHCP relay
2. LLDP
3. VRRP
4. LACP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

DHCP relay allows DHCP client requests to reach a DHCP server located on another IP subnet. DHCP discovery messages are normally broadcasts and do not cross routers by default. A configured relay function receives the request and forwards the necessary information toward the DHCP server. This allows organizations to use centralized DHCP infrastructure for multiple VLANs and routed networks. LLDP provides neighbor discovery, VRRP provides gateway redundancy, and LACP provides link aggregation. DHCP relay is particularly important in networks where centralized address management is used across many separate client subnets.

Question 196

Which IPv6 mechanism allows a host to automatically obtain address configuration information without relying exclusively on a DHCPv6 server?

1. ARP
2. SLAAC
3. RADIUS
4. FTP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Stateless Address Autoconfiguration allows IPv6 hosts to configure addresses using information provided by IPv6 routers. Router Advertisements provide prefix information that hosts can use when generating IPv6 addresses. SLAAC reduces the need for manually configuring every endpoint and can operate without a traditional DHCPv6 server for basic address configuration. ARP is associated with IPv4 address resolution, RADIUS provides authentication services, and FTP is a file-transfer protocol. Administrators troubleshooting IPv6 addressing should verify that appropriate Router Advertisements and prefix information are available.

Question 197

Which access-control standard can require a device to authenticate before receiving network access through a switch port?

1. 802.1X
2. NTP
3. BGP
4. sFlow

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

IEEE 802.1X provides port-based network access control. It can require an endpoint to authenticate before the switch permits normal network access. A common architecture uses the endpoint as the supplicant, the switch as the authenticator, and a RADIUS server as the authentication server. NTP provides time synchronization, BGP provides routing information exchange, and sFlow provides traffic monitoring. 802.1X is commonly deployed at network access points to help ensure that only authorized users or devices can obtain normal network connectivity.

Question 198

Which protocol resolves a known IPv4 address to the corresponding Ethernet MAC address?

1. NTP
2. ARP
3. OSPF
4. LACP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

ARP resolves IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses on Ethernet networks. When a host needs to communicate with a local IPv4 destination but does not know the destination’s MAC address, it can send an ARP request. The destination can respond with its MAC address, allowing the sender to construct the Ethernet frame. NTP synchronizes clocks, OSPF handles dynamic routing, and LACP manages link aggregation. ARP information is important during troubleshooting because incorrect or stale mappings can contribute to local connectivity problems.

Question 199

Which technology provides redundant gateway functionality while allowing hosts to retain the same default gateway address?

1. VRRP
2. STP
3. LLDP
4. sFlow

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

VRRP allows multiple Layer 3 devices to provide a redundant virtual gateway. Hosts are configured to use the virtual IP address rather than an individual physical gateway address. One participating device normally forwards traffic for the virtual router, while another can assume the role if the active device fails. This provides gateway redundancy without requiring every endpoint to be reconfigured after a gateway failure. STP prevents Layer 2 loops, LLDP discovers neighbors, and sFlow provides traffic monitoring. VRRP is commonly used to improve default-gateway availability in enterprise networks.

Question 200

Which Aruba CX feature is designed to provide centralized cloud-based management of supported network infrastructure?

1. Aruba Central
2. ARP
3. STP
4. DHCP relay

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Aruba Central provides centralized cloud-based management for supported Aruba networking infrastructure. Administrators can use it for configuration, monitoring, device organization, alerts, and operational visibility across multiple locations. Centralized management can simplify administration when an organization operates many switches and other network devices across distributed sites. ARP performs IPv4 address resolution, STP provides Layer 2 loop prevention, and DHCP relay forwards DHCP requests across Layer 3 boundaries. Aruba Central can therefore help organizations manage and monitor their network environment from a unified management platform.