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Question 221

Which Aruba CX feature is used to provide high availability between two switches while keeping separate control planes?

1. LACP
2. VSX
3. NTP
4. RADIUS

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

VSX is an Aruba CX high-availability technology that allows two switches to operate as a redundant pair while maintaining independent control planes. The peers synchronize selected information and can provide resilient connectivity to downstream devices. VSX is commonly combined with multi-chassis LAG to create redundant aggregated connections. LACP manages link aggregation, NTP synchronizes device clocks, and RADIUS provides centralized authentication. VSX is particularly valuable in designs where administrators want redundancy without depending on a single physical switching device for critical connectivity.

Question 222

Which protocol can dynamically calculate routes within an enterprise autonomous system?

1. OSPF
2. LLDP
3. RADIUS
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

OSPF is a dynamic interior gateway routing protocol used to calculate routes within an autonomous system. It exchanges link-state information between participating routers and builds a database representing the network topology. OSPF then uses the shortest-path algorithm to determine appropriate routes. It can also use multiple areas to improve scalability. LLDP is used for neighbor discovery, RADIUS provides authentication and accounting, and NTP synchronizes clocks. OSPF is useful when administrators need routing to adapt automatically to topology changes rather than maintaining every route manually.

Question 223

Which Aruba CX feature can provide visibility into switch health and operational conditions through analytics?

1. VRRP
2. NAE
3. STP
4. ARP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

The Network Analytics Engine, or NAE, provides monitoring and analytics capabilities on Aruba CX switches. It can analyze operational information and identify configured conditions that may require attention. NAE can help administrators monitor network behavior and investigate issues without manually reviewing every available statistic. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and ARP resolves IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses. NAE is particularly useful for proactive operations because it can generate notifications when monitored conditions meet defined criteria.

Question 224

Which protocol provides authentication, authorization, and accounting services for network access?

1. LACP
2. STP
3. RADIUS
4. OSPF

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

RADIUS is commonly used to provide centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting for network access. A network device can send authentication requests to a RADIUS server, which validates the credentials and returns an authorization result. RADIUS is frequently used with 802.1X for controlling access to wired or wireless networks. LACP manages aggregated links, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and OSPF provides dynamic routing. Centralized RADIUS authentication allows administrators to apply consistent access policies across multiple network devices and reduces the need for separate local credentials.

Question 225

Which protocol is used to negotiate dynamic link aggregation between compatible devices?

1. LACP
2. VRRP
3. DHCP
4. ARP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

LACP is used to dynamically establish and maintain a Link Aggregation Group. It allows multiple physical Ethernet interfaces to operate together as one logical connection. Link aggregation can provide redundancy and increased aggregate bandwidth while allowing the participating devices to monitor the state of the member links. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, DHCP provides address configuration, and ARP resolves IPv4 addresses. LACP is frequently used on switch uplinks and server connections where a single physical link does not provide sufficient capacity or redundancy.

Question 226

Which protocol is designed to discover directly connected devices at Layer 2?

1. BGP
2. NTP
3. LLDP
4. RADIUS

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

LLDP is a Layer 2 neighbor-discovery protocol that allows network devices to advertise information about themselves to directly connected neighbors. Administrators can use LLDP information to identify neighboring devices, interfaces, and capabilities. This makes it useful when validating physical topology or troubleshooting unexpected cabling. BGP is an inter-domain routing protocol, NTP synchronizes clocks, and RADIUS provides authentication services. Because LLDP works at Layer 2, it can provide neighbor information even when normal IP connectivity between the devices is not established.

Question 227

Which protocol synchronizes clocks across network devices?

1. NTP
2. OSPF
3. LACP
4. STP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Network Time Protocol is used to synchronize clocks across network devices. Consistent time is important for system logs, event correlation, troubleshooting, authentication, and security investigations. If devices use significantly different times, administrators may have difficulty determining the correct order of network events. OSPF provides routing, LACP manages link aggregation, and STP prevents Layer 2 loops. Administrators should verify actual NTP synchronization and not simply assume that configuring a time server means the device is synchronized correctly.

Question 228

Which security mechanism can prevent unauthorized DHCP server responses from untrusted switch ports?

1. DHCP snooping
2. VRRP
3. sFlow
4. BGP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

DHCP snooping protects networks from rogue DHCP servers by distinguishing trusted and untrusted switch interfaces. Legitimate DHCP server responses should arrive through trusted interfaces, while DHCP server messages received on untrusted interfaces can be blocked. DHCP snooping can also create binding information containing client IP addresses, MAC addresses, VLANs, and interfaces. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, sFlow provides traffic monitoring, and BGP exchanges routing information. DHCP snooping is therefore an important Layer 2 security mechanism in networks where unauthorized DHCP services could disrupt client connectivity.

Question 229

Which protocol provides a redundant virtual default gateway for hosts?

1. LLDP
2. VRRP
3. NTP
4. LACP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

VRRP provides gateway redundancy by creating a virtual router that can be shared by multiple Layer 3 devices. Hosts use the virtual IP address as their default gateway. One participating device normally forwards traffic, while another can assume the forwarding role if the active device becomes unavailable. LLDP provides neighbor discovery, NTP synchronizes clocks, and LACP manages aggregated links. VRRP helps improve network availability because hosts can continue using the same gateway address even when the device currently forwarding gateway traffic experiences a failure.

Question 230

Which technology provides sampled traffic statistics for network monitoring?

1. 802.1X
2. sFlow
3. DHCP relay
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

sFlow provides sampled information about network traffic and interface activity. It can send sampled data to a monitoring system where administrators can analyze traffic patterns, identify heavily used interfaces, and investigate unusual behavior. Sampling provides broad visibility without requiring complete packet processing for every packet. 802.1X provides access control, DHCP relay forwards DHCP messages between subnets, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. sFlow is useful for capacity planning, troubleshooting, traffic analysis, and understanding how network resources are being consumed.

Question 231

Which security feature can validate ARP traffic against trusted IP-to-MAC bindings?

1. Dynamic ARP Protection
2. LACP
3. NTP
4. OSPF

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Dynamic ARP Protection helps protect a network against ARP spoofing by validating ARP messages against trusted IP-to-MAC binding information. DHCP snooping can provide the binding database used by the protection mechanism. When an ARP packet does not match the expected binding information, the switch can take action based on its configured security policy. LACP manages link aggregation, NTP provides time synchronization, and OSPF provides dynamic routing. Dynamic ARP Protection can therefore provide an additional security layer against malicious ARP manipulation within a Layer 2 environment.

Question 232

Which protocol is primarily used to exchange routing information between autonomous systems?

1. OSPF
2. BGP
3. LLDP
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

BGP is designed to exchange routing information between autonomous systems. It is the primary inter-domain routing protocol used for Internet routing and can also be used by organizations with multiple external routing relationships. BGP supports policy-based route selection through attributes that influence route advertisements and path decisions. OSPF is generally used for internal routing, LLDP discovers directly connected devices, and NTP synchronizes time. Because BGP can influence large-scale routing behavior, route policies should be carefully designed and verified during implementation.

Question 233

Which interface type is typically assigned to an endpoint that should belong to one VLAN?

1. Routed interface
2. Access port
3. Trunk port
4. Loopback interface

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

An access port is normally assigned to one VLAN and is commonly used for endpoint devices. Traffic arriving from an endpoint is associated with the configured access VLAN. Trunk ports are designed to carry multiple VLANs, while routed interfaces provide Layer 3 connectivity and loopback interfaces are logical interfaces used for specific networking functions. Correct access VLAN assignment is important because an endpoint connected to the wrong VLAN may be unable to reach its intended gateway, DHCP service, or other network resources.

Question 234

Which mechanism allows DHCP client requests to reach a DHCP server located on another IP subnet?

1. DHCP relay
2. LLDP
3. STP
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

DHCP relay forwards DHCP requests from one IP subnet toward a DHCP server located on another subnet. DHCP discovery messages are normally broadcast and do not cross Layer 3 boundaries without relay functionality. The relay receives the client request and forwards the necessary information to the configured DHCP server. This allows organizations to centralize DHCP services while supporting many VLANs and routed networks. LLDP provides neighbor discovery, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. DHCP relay is therefore essential in many routed enterprise networks.

Question 235

Which IPv6 capability allows hosts to automatically configure addresses using router-advertised prefix information?

1. DHCPv4
2. ARP
3. SLAAC
4. RADIUS

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

SLAAC enables IPv6 hosts to automatically configure addresses using prefix information received through Router Advertisements. The host can combine the advertised prefix with an appropriate interface identifier to form an IPv6 address. This reduces the need for manual address configuration and does not require DHCPv4, which is an IPv4 protocol. ARP is also associated with IPv4 address resolution, while RADIUS provides authentication services. When troubleshooting SLAAC, administrators should verify that IPv6 Router Advertisements are being received and contain appropriate prefix information.

Question 236

Which routing concept selects the most specific route when multiple routes match the destination?

1. Administrative shutdown
2. Longest prefix match
3. LACP negotiation
4. VLAN assignment

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Longest prefix match determines which matching route is most specific to a destination. A route with a longer prefix represents a smaller address range and is therefore more specific than a shorter prefix covering a larger network. For example, a /24 route can take precedence over a /16 route when both contain the destination address. Administrative shutdown controls interface state, LACP manages link aggregation, and VLAN assignment determines Layer 2 segmentation. Longest prefix matching is fundamental to understanding how routers choose among overlapping network routes.

Question 237

Which IEEE standard provides port-based network access control?

1. 802.1X
2. 802.3ad
3. 802.11
4. 802.1Q

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

IEEE 802.1X provides port-based network access control. It allows a network device to require authentication before granting normal network access through a switch port. In common deployments, the endpoint is the supplicant, the switch is the authenticator, and a RADIUS server handles authentication and authorization. 802.1Q is associated with VLAN tagging, while other standards serve different Ethernet or wireless purposes. 802.1X is useful at the network edge because it can help prevent unauthorized devices from obtaining unrestricted connectivity simply by connecting to an Ethernet port.

Question 238

Which protocol maps an IPv4 address to a corresponding MAC address?

1. OSPF
2. ARP
3. NTP
4. BGP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

ARP is used to resolve an IPv4 address into the corresponding MAC address on an Ethernet network. When a host needs to communicate with a local IPv4 destination and does not know the destination MAC address, it can send an ARP request. The destination device can respond with the required MAC information. OSPF and BGP are routing protocols, while NTP provides time synchronization. ARP is therefore an essential part of IPv4 communication on Ethernet and is frequently examined during troubleshooting of local connectivity problems.

Question 239

Which Aruba CX design allows a downstream device to use an aggregated link across two VSX peer switches?

1. Multi-chassis LAG
2. Static route
3. DHCP relay
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Multi-chassis LAG allows a downstream device to establish a logical aggregated connection using physical links connected to both members of a VSX pair. This provides redundancy because the downstream device does not depend on only one physical switch. LACP can be used to dynamically manage the aggregated links. Static routing determines Layer 3 forwarding, DHCP relay forwards DHCP requests between routed networks, and NTP synchronizes clocks. Multi-chassis LAG is particularly useful in resilient campus and data-center designs where both link and switch redundancy are required.

Question 240

Which Aruba CX technology can provide a centralized view for configuring and monitoring supported network devices?

1. Aruba Central
2. ARP
3. STP
4. OSPF

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Aruba Central provides centralized management and monitoring for supported Aruba networking infrastructure. It can be used to configure devices, organize network sites, monitor operational status, review alerts, and maintain visibility across distributed deployments. ARP resolves IPv4 addresses, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and OSPF provides dynamic routing. Centralized management can reduce the operational effort required to manage many devices individually and can help administrators maintain consistent configurations across network locations. It is therefore an important management platform within Aruba networking environments.