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Question 261

Which protocol is commonly used to provide dynamic routing within an enterprise network?

1. RADIUS
2. NTP
3. OSPF
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

OSPF is a link-state interior gateway protocol commonly used for dynamic routing within enterprise networks. It allows Layer 3 devices to exchange information about network topology and calculate appropriate paths to remote destinations. OSPF can dynamically adapt when network links change, reducing the need for administrators to manually update routes. RADIUS is used for authentication, NTP synchronizes device clocks, and LLDP provides neighbor discovery. OSPF is especially useful in larger environments where manually maintaining numerous static routes would be inefficient and difficult to manage.

Question 262

Which Aruba CX platform provides centralized cloud-based management and monitoring for supported network infrastructure?

1. Aruba Central
2. VRRP
3. LACP
4. ARP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Aruba Central provides centralized cloud-based management and monitoring for supported Aruba networking infrastructure. Administrators can use it to configure devices, organize sites, monitor network health, review alerts, and maintain visibility across multiple locations. Centralized management is useful when an organization operates many switches and wants consistent administration without individually accessing every device. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, LACP manages link aggregation, and ARP resolves IPv4 addresses. Aruba Central therefore serves primarily as a management and monitoring platform rather than as a single-purpose routing or switching protocol.

Question 263

Which protocol allows a network device to advertise its identity and capabilities to directly connected neighbors?

1. BGP
2. NTP
3. RADIUS
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 4

Explanation

LLDP is a Layer 2 neighbor-discovery protocol that allows network devices to advertise information about themselves to directly connected neighbors. The information can help administrators identify connected devices, interfaces, and capabilities. LLDP is useful for verifying physical topology and troubleshooting unexpected cabling or device connections. BGP exchanges routing information between autonomous systems, NTP provides time synchronization, and RADIUS provides authentication. Because LLDP operates at Layer 2, it can provide useful neighbor information without depending on normal IP routing between the devices.

Question 264

Which protocol provides centralized authentication and authorization for network access devices?

1. OSPF
2. RADIUS
3. STP
4. LACP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

RADIUS is commonly used to provide centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting for network access. A switch can send authentication requests to a RADIUS server, which validates the supplied credentials and returns an authorization result. RADIUS is frequently used with 802.1X to control wired or wireless network access. OSPF provides dynamic routing, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and LACP manages link aggregation. Centralized RADIUS authentication allows administrators to apply consistent access policies across many network devices and simplifies the management of user or device credentials.

Question 265

Which protocol synchronizes the clocks of network devices with a configured time source?

1. NTP
2. BGP
3. ARP
4. LACP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Network Time Protocol synchronizes the clocks of network devices with configured time sources. Accurate time is important for event logging, troubleshooting, security investigations, authentication, and monitoring. When devices maintain consistent timestamps, administrators can correlate events from multiple systems more effectively. BGP handles inter-domain routing, ARP resolves IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses, and LACP manages link aggregation. Administrators should verify actual synchronization status after configuring NTP because a configured server does not necessarily mean that the device has successfully synchronized its clock.

Question 266

Which Aruba CX capability can analyze operational information and generate alerts based on monitored conditions?

1. VRRP
2. ARP
3. NAE
4. STP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

The Aruba Network Analytics Engine, or NAE, provides analytics and monitoring capabilities on Aruba CX switches. It can monitor selected operational information and identify conditions that match configured monitoring logic. This can provide administrators with proactive visibility into network behavior and help them investigate problems more efficiently. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, ARP resolves IPv4 addresses, and STP prevents Layer 2 loops. NAE is particularly useful when administrators want automated monitoring of selected switch conditions rather than relying exclusively on manual inspection of command outputs and logs.

Question 267

Which protocol dynamically establishes and maintains an Ethernet link aggregation group?

1. DHCP snooping
2. LACP
3. VRRP
4. OSPF

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

LACP dynamically establishes and maintains a Link Aggregation Group between compatible network devices. Multiple physical Ethernet interfaces can operate as a single logical connection, providing redundancy and increased aggregate bandwidth. LACP also helps ensure that participating interfaces are correctly associated with the same aggregation group. DHCP snooping provides Layer 2 security, VRRP provides gateway redundancy, and OSPF provides dynamic routing. LACP is commonly used for switch uplinks and server connections where administrators require multiple physical paths while maintaining a logical connection.

Question 268

Which mechanism provides gateway redundancy through a shared virtual IP address?

1. STP
2. sFlow
3. VRRP
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

VRRP provides first-hop gateway redundancy by allowing multiple Layer 3 devices to participate in a virtual router configuration. Hosts use the virtual IP address as their default gateway. One device normally performs the forwarding role, while another participating device can take over if the active device becomes unavailable. STP prevents Layer 2 loops, sFlow provides traffic monitoring, and LLDP provides neighbor discovery. VRRP is useful in enterprise networks because hosts can continue using the same gateway address during a gateway failure without requiring individual endpoint reconfiguration.

Question 269

Which security feature can prevent unauthorized DHCP server responses from reaching clients?

1. DHCP snooping
2. BGP
3. NTP
4. OSPF

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

DHCP snooping helps protect clients from rogue DHCP servers by distinguishing trusted and untrusted switch interfaces. Legitimate DHCP server responses are expected through trusted interfaces, while DHCP server messages received through untrusted interfaces can be blocked. DHCP snooping can also create binding information containing client IP addresses, MAC addresses, VLANs, and switch ports. BGP provides inter-domain routing, NTP synchronizes clocks, and OSPF provides internal routing. DHCP snooping is therefore an important Layer 2 security mechanism in networks where unauthorized DHCP services could disrupt client connectivity.

Question 270

Which technology provides sampled traffic information for monitoring network utilization?

1. RADIUS
2. 802.1X
3. sFlow
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

sFlow provides sampled traffic information that can be collected and analyzed by network monitoring systems. It can help administrators understand traffic patterns, identify heavily utilized interfaces, and investigate unusual traffic behavior. Sampling avoids requiring complete processing and storage of every packet for monitoring purposes. RADIUS provides authentication, 802.1X provides port-based access control, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. sFlow is useful for capacity planning, troubleshooting, performance analysis, and gaining visibility into how traffic is distributed across the network.

Question 271

Which feature can validate ARP packets using trusted IP-to-MAC binding information?

1. NTP
2. Dynamic ARP Protection
3. LACP
4. BGP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Dynamic ARP Protection helps protect against ARP spoofing by validating ARP messages against trusted IP-to-MAC binding information. DHCP snooping can provide binding information that identifies expected client addresses, MAC addresses, and switch interfaces. If an ARP message does not match trusted information, the switch can take action according to the configured security policy. NTP synchronizes clocks, LACP manages link aggregation, and BGP provides inter-domain routing. Dynamic ARP Protection is therefore useful as part of a layered Layer 2 security design.

Question 272

Which routing protocol is primarily designed to exchange routes between autonomous systems?

1. OSPF
2. STP
3. BGP
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

BGP is designed to exchange routing information between autonomous systems. It is the primary inter-domain routing protocol used on the Internet and can also be used by organizations with multiple external routing relationships. BGP supports policy-based routing through attributes that influence route advertisement and selection. OSPF is generally used for internal routing, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and LLDP discovers directly connected devices. Because BGP can influence traffic paths across large networks, administrators should carefully configure and verify routing policies and route advertisements.

Question 273

Which switch interface type is normally used for an endpoint that belongs to a single VLAN?

1. Access port
2. Trunk port
3. Routed port
4. Loopback interface

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

An access port is normally associated with a single VLAN and is commonly used for endpoint devices such as computers, printers, and cameras. Traffic received from the endpoint is associated with the configured access VLAN. Trunk ports are designed to carry multiple VLANs, while routed ports provide Layer 3 connectivity and loopback interfaces are logical interfaces. Correct access VLAN assignment is important because an incorrect VLAN can prevent an endpoint from reaching its intended gateway and network services. Access ports are therefore commonly deployed at the network edge.

Question 274

Which mechanism allows DHCP requests to reach a server located on a different IP subnet?

1. VRRP
2. DHCP relay
3. LLDP
4. STP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

DHCP relay forwards DHCP client requests across Layer 3 boundaries toward a DHCP server located on another subnet. DHCP discovery messages are normally broadcast within the local network and do not automatically cross routers. The relay receives the client request and forwards the required information toward the configured DHCP server. This allows a centralized DHCP service to provide addresses to clients across multiple VLANs and routed networks. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, LLDP provides neighbor discovery, and STP prevents Layer 2 loops. DHCP relay is therefore important in centralized IP address management designs.

Question 275

Which IPv6 mechanism allows hosts to configure addresses using prefix information received through Router Advertisements?

1. ARP
2. RADIUS
3. SLAAC
4. DHCPv4

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Stateless Address Autoconfiguration, or SLAAC, allows IPv6 hosts to configure addresses using prefix information received through Router Advertisements. The host can combine the advertised prefix with an appropriate interface identifier to create an IPv6 address. SLAAC reduces the need for manual address assignment and can provide basic IPv6 addressing without relying exclusively on a DHCPv6 server. ARP is associated with IPv4, RADIUS provides authentication, and DHCPv4 provides IPv4 configuration. Troubleshooting SLAAC should include checking whether appropriate Router Advertisements are being received by the host.

Question 276

Which routing principle causes the most specific matching route to be selected?

1. LACP negotiation
2. VLAN tagging
3. Longest prefix match
4. Port authentication

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Longest prefix match determines which route is most specific when multiple routing entries match the destination. A longer prefix represents a smaller address range and therefore provides more specific forwarding information. For example, a /24 route can be selected over a /16 route when both contain the destination. LACP manages link aggregation, VLAN tagging identifies VLAN traffic, and port authentication controls network access. Understanding longest prefix matching is essential when troubleshooting routing tables containing overlapping or summarized network prefixes.

Question 277

Which standard provides port-based network access control and is commonly integrated with RADIUS?

1. 802.1X
2. 802.1Q
3. LLDP
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

IEEE 802.1X provides port-based network access control and is commonly used with RADIUS authentication servers. In a typical deployment, the endpoint acts as the supplicant, the switch acts as the authenticator, and the RADIUS server processes authentication and authorization. The switch can then provide access according to the returned policy. 802.1Q is associated with VLAN tagging, LLDP provides neighbor discovery, and NTP synchronizes clocks. 802.1X is particularly useful at network access ports because it can require authentication before normal network connectivity is granted.

Question 278

Which protocol maps an IPv4 address to an Ethernet MAC address?

1. OSPF
2. NTP
3. ARP
4. BGP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Address Resolution Protocol, or ARP, maps an IPv4 address to the corresponding MAC address on an Ethernet network. When a host needs to send traffic to a local IPv4 destination and does not know the destination MAC address, it can send an ARP request. The destination can respond with its MAC address, allowing Ethernet communication to proceed. OSPF and BGP are routing protocols, while NTP synchronizes clocks. ARP information is often useful when troubleshooting local IPv4 connectivity because incorrect address mappings can interfere with frame delivery.

Question 279

Which Aruba CX technology allows a downstream device to use aggregated links connected to both members of a VSX pair?

1. Static routing
2. NTP
3. Multi-chassis LAG
4. DHCP relay

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Multi-chassis LAG allows a downstream device to form one logical aggregated connection using physical links connected to both switches in an Aruba CX VSX pair. This provides redundancy because the downstream device can maintain connectivity through another physical path if one switch or link becomes unavailable. LACP can be used to dynamically manage the member links. Static routing controls Layer 3 forwarding, NTP synchronizes clocks, and DHCP relay forwards DHCP requests across routed boundaries. Multi-chassis LAG is therefore useful for building resilient Layer 2 connections in high-availability network designs.

Question 280

Which Aruba CX technology allows two switches to operate as a redundant pair while maintaining independent control planes?

1. VRRP
2. VSX
3. STP
4. sFlow

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

VSX allows two Aruba CX switches to operate as a redundant pair while maintaining separate control planes. The peers synchronize selected state and configuration information and can provide resilient connectivity to downstream devices. VSX can also be combined with multi-chassis LAG to provide aggregated connections across both switches. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and sFlow provides traffic monitoring. VSX is particularly useful in campus and data-center environments where administrators need switch-level redundancy while retaining independent control and management functions on each peer.