View Full Huawei H12-811 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Dumps

 

Question 381

Which protocol resolves an IP address to a MAC address in IPv4?

1. DNS
2. NTP
3. ARP
4. FTP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

ARP, or Address Resolution Protocol, determines the MAC address associated with an IPv4 address on a local network. When a device needs to communicate with another local IPv4 host, it checks its ARP cache first. If no suitable entry exists, the device can send an ARP request to discover the corresponding hardware address. The destination then responds with an ARP reply containing its MAC address. The resulting information can be stored temporarily in the ARP cache. This process allows Layer 3 IPv4 communication to operate over Ethernet Layer 2 networks.

Question 382

Which WAN technology uses virtual circuits identified by labels?

1. Frame Relay
2. Ethernet
3. Wi-Fi
4. PPP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Frame Relay is a WAN technology that uses virtual circuits to provide logical connections across a provider network. These virtual circuits are commonly identified using Data Link Connection Identifiers, or DLCIs. Unlike ordinary Ethernet switching, Frame Relay was designed for service-provider WAN environments where multiple logical connections could share physical access infrastructure. Although modern networks commonly use newer technologies, understanding Frame Relay remains useful for certification knowledge and legacy-network troubleshooting. Its virtual-circuit approach helped organizations connect geographically separated locations without requiring a dedicated physical circuit for every remote destination.

Question 383

Which wireless standard operates primarily in the 2.4 GHz band?

1. 802.11b
2. 802.11a
3. 802.11ac
4. 802.11ad

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

IEEE 802.11b is a wireless LAN standard associated primarily with the 2.4 GHz frequency band. It supports relatively low data rates compared with newer Wi-Fi generations but was historically important in the development of wireless networking. The 2.4 GHz band can provide broader coverage than higher-frequency bands but is also more susceptible to interference from other devices using the same spectrum. Understanding wireless standards and their frequency characteristics helps administrators select appropriate technologies and troubleshoot coverage or interference problems in wireless network environments.

Question 384

Which protocol provides secure web communication?

1. HTTP
2. HTTPS
3. TFTP
4. Telnet

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

HTTPS provides secure HTTP communication by using TLS to protect the connection between a client and a web server. Encryption helps prevent unauthorized parties from reading transmitted information, while authentication mechanisms help clients verify the identity of the server. HTTPS is commonly used for websites, web-based management interfaces, and APIs that require protected communication. HTTP by itself does not provide equivalent transport encryption. Network administrators should therefore use HTTPS whenever sensitive information, credentials, or administrative traffic is exchanged through a web interface.

Question 385

Which IPv4 address range is reserved for private Class A addressing?

1. 172.16.0.0/12
2. 192.168.0.0/16
3. 100.64.0.0/10
4. 10.0.0.0/8

Correct Answer: 4

Explanation:

The 10.0.0.0/8 range is reserved for private IPv4 addressing and provides a large address space for internal networks. Private addresses are not directly routable across the public Internet and are commonly used inside organizations, home networks, and private infrastructure. Other private ranges include 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16. Network Address Translation is often used when hosts using private addresses need access to public networks. Selecting suitable private address ranges and planning them carefully helps prevent overlapping networks and simplifies internal routing design.

Question 386

Which OSPF component stores learned topology information?

1. Routing table
2. ARP cache
3. LSDB
4. MAC table

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

The OSPF Link-State Database, or LSDB, stores the link-state information received from OSPF routers within an area. Each router uses this information to build a representation of the network topology and calculate shortest paths. The resulting best routes are then installed into the routing table. The LSDB is therefore different from the routing table, which contains selected forwarding entries, and from the ARP cache or MAC table, which store Layer 2-related information. Keeping the LSDB synchronized among OSPF routers is essential for consistent topology calculations.

Question 387

Which protocol automatically assigns a subnet mask to IPv4 clients?

1. DHCP
2. FTP
3. SNMP
4. SMTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

DHCP can automatically provide an IPv4 client with a subnet mask along with other network configuration parameters. When a client obtains a DHCP lease, the server can supply information such as the assigned address, subnet mask, default gateway, DNS servers, and lease duration. This centralized approach reduces manual configuration and helps maintain consistent settings across many endpoints. The subnet mask tells the client which portion of the address represents the network and which portion identifies the host. Correct DHCP configuration is therefore important for ensuring clients communicate with local and remote destinations properly.

Question 388

Which technology separates traffic using logical VLAN identifiers?

1. STP
2. 802.1Q
3. PPP
4. HDLC

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

IEEE 802.1Q defines VLAN tagging for Ethernet frames. A VLAN tag carries information that allows switches to associate traffic with a particular VLAN when frames travel across suitable trunk links. This enables multiple logical networks to share the same physical infrastructure while remaining separated at Layer 2. The tag contains several fields, including a VLAN identifier. Access connections commonly deliver untagged traffic to endpoints, while trunk connections can transport traffic from multiple VLANs. Understanding 802.1Q is important when configuring VLAN trunks and troubleshooting VLAN connectivity between switches.

Question 389

Which routing protocol uses autonomous system numbers for external routing?

1. OSPF
2. RIP
3. BGP
4. IS-IS

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

BGP uses Autonomous System numbers to identify administrative routing domains involved in inter-domain routing. The AS number is an important part of BGP operation because it helps routers understand the path that route advertisements have traveled through different autonomous systems. BGP can also use various path attributes to implement routing policies. This makes it suitable for large-scale external routing between service providers and organizations with independent routing domains. In contrast, protocols such as OSPF and IS-IS are primarily used for routing within an administrative network rather than exchanging Internet-scale routing information between autonomous systems.

Question 390

Which device function converts Layer 2 frames into Layer 3 packets for routing?

1. Switching
2. Bridging
3. Routing
4. Flooding

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

Routing is the Layer 3 forwarding function that moves packets between different IP networks. A router examines the destination IP address and consults its routing information to determine an appropriate next hop or outgoing interface. The device then constructs a new Layer 2 frame for the next network segment. Switching, by comparison, primarily forwards Ethernet frames within Layer 2 domains using MAC addresses. Routing therefore provides communication between separate IP subnets and establishes Layer 3 boundaries. Understanding this distinction is fundamental when designing networks with multiple VLANs, subnets, and routed links.

Question 391

Which protocol can detect neighboring Huawei devices automatically?

1. LLDP
2. DHCP
3. DNS
4. FTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Link Layer Discovery Protocol, or LLDP, allows directly connected network devices to advertise information about themselves and learn information about neighboring devices. This can include device identity, interface details, capabilities, and management information. LLDP operates at the data-link layer and does not require IP connectivity between neighbors. Administrators can use discovered information to verify physical topology, identify connected equipment, and troubleshoot cabling or configuration issues. On Huawei devices, LLDP is particularly useful when documenting network relationships or determining which neighboring device is attached to a specific interface.

Question 392

Which protocol provides secure network-layer encryption for IP traffic?

1. GRE
2. IPsec
3. ARP
4. ICMP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

IPsec is a suite of protocols and mechanisms designed to protect IP communications through security services such as encryption, authentication, and integrity protection. It can operate in different modes and is commonly used to build secure VPN connections across untrusted networks. IPsec can protect traffic between hosts, between gateways, or between a host and a security gateway depending on the deployment. GRE can create tunnels but does not itself provide encryption. Therefore, when confidentiality and integrity of IP traffic are required, IPsec is commonly combined with suitable tunnel or VPN designs.

Question 393

Which command view is used to configure global device parameters?

1. Interface view
2. User view
3. System view
4. Protocol view

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

Huawei VRP uses system view for configuring many global device parameters. Administrators typically enter system view from user view before configuring features such as device-wide settings, interface-related contexts, routing protocols, and other services. Specific configuration tasks then require entering the corresponding subordinate view. Interface view is used for individual interface settings, while protocol-specific views are associated with particular routing or service configurations. Understanding the VRP hierarchy helps administrators avoid applying commands in the wrong context and makes command-line configuration more efficient.

Question 394

Which protocol can provide authentication during PPP connections?

1. CHAP
2. ARP
3. ICMP
4. IGMP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol, or CHAP, can authenticate peers during PPP connections. Instead of repeatedly transmitting a password in plain text, CHAP uses a challenge-and-response mechanism based on a shared secret. The authentication process can periodically challenge the peer again, providing additional protection compared with simple password transmission. CHAP is one of the authentication methods associated with PPP and can be used when establishing point-to-point connections. Proper configuration requires compatible credentials and authentication settings on both participating devices so that the PPP session can complete successfully.

Question 395

Which protocol manages multicast group membership?

1. ICMP
2. IGMP
3. ARP
4. DHCP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

Internet Group Management Protocol, or IGMP, manages IPv4 multicast group membership between hosts and multicast routers. Hosts use IGMP messages to indicate that they want to join or leave particular multicast groups. Multicast routers can use this information to determine where multicast traffic should be forwarded. IGMP helps prevent unnecessary multicast traffic from being delivered to networks where no interested receivers exist. It is therefore an important component of IPv4 multicast operation. Network administrators can monitor IGMP behavior when troubleshooting multicast applications such as streaming, conferencing, or specialized data distribution.

Question 396

Which IPv6 address type identifies a single interface globally?

1. Multicast
2. Anycast
3. Global unicast
4. Link-local

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

A global unicast IPv6 address identifies an interface and is designed to be routable across IPv6 networks. Global unicast addressing provides the foundation for normal IPv6 communication between networks and can be assigned to hosts, servers, routers, and other devices. Link-local addresses are restricted to a local link, while multicast addresses identify groups of interfaces rather than a single interface. Anycast addresses can be assigned to multiple interfaces and deliver traffic to an appropriate member of the group. Understanding these address types is essential when planning IPv6 addressing and routing.

Question 397

Which mechanism protects a switch against excessive broadcast traffic?

1. Broadcast storm control
2. Route redistribution
3. DNS caching
4. Packet fragmentation

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Broadcast storm control limits the impact of excessive broadcast traffic on a switch or network segment. A broadcast storm can consume significant bandwidth and processing resources, reducing network performance or causing widespread disruption. Storm-control mechanisms can monitor traffic rates and take configured actions when traffic exceeds defined thresholds. This provides an additional protection layer against abnormal traffic conditions. Storm control does not replace STP, which prevents Layer 2 loops, but the two mechanisms can complement each other. Proper thresholds should be selected carefully so legitimate broadcast traffic is not unnecessarily suppressed.

Question 398

Which routing protocol is commonly used for fast internal convergence with areas?

1. RIP
2. OSPF
3. FTP
4. PPP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

OSPF is an interior gateway protocol designed to provide scalable link-state routing within an organization. One of its major architectural features is support for hierarchical areas, which can reduce the amount of topology information that individual routers need to process. OSPF also supports mechanisms that allow routing changes to propagate efficiently through the network. Its shortest-path calculation uses the information stored in the link-state database. These characteristics make OSPF suitable for many enterprise networks where predictable routing, hierarchical design, and relatively fast convergence are required.

Question 399

Which security protocol commonly protects wireless client authentication?

1. WPA2
2. FTP
3. TFTP
4. HTTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

WPA2 is a wireless security standard designed to protect Wi-Fi communications and provide stronger security than older wireless protection mechanisms. It commonly uses AES-based encryption through the CCMP security protocol. WPA2 can operate with personal authentication using a pre-shared key or with enterprise authentication through an authentication infrastructure. The chosen mode depends on the network’s requirements. Wireless security configuration should also consider strong credentials, appropriate authentication methods, and proper access-point settings. Using modern security standards helps protect wireless traffic from unauthorized access and interception.

Question 400

Which protocol is commonly used to exchange routing information inside an autonomous system?

1. SMTP
2. OSPF
3. HTTP
4. FTP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

OSPF is an interior gateway protocol commonly used to exchange routing information within an autonomous system. Routers participating in OSPF establish neighbor relationships, exchange link-state information, and calculate suitable paths through the network. Because OSPF operates as an IGP, it is designed for routing inside a single administrative domain rather than providing inter-domain routing like BGP. Its support for areas, authentication, and cost-based path selection makes it suitable for structured enterprise networks. Proper OSPF planning helps maintain consistent routing information and efficient connectivity between internal network segments.