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Question 221

Which Windows utility can display detailed information about running processes and their resource usage?

1. Task Manager
2. Disk Management
3. Registry Editor
4. Character Map

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Task Manager provides information about running applications, processes, users, and system resource utilization. Technicians can use it to identify processes consuming excessive CPU, memory, disk, or network resources. It can also help determine whether an application is responding and provide information about startup programs. When troubleshooting performance issues, technicians should compare resource usage with the user’s reported symptoms and normal workload. Ending a process should be done carefully because terminating an important system process can cause instability or loss of unsaved information.

Question 222

Which Windows command can display the current computer’s hostname?

1. net user
2. hostname
3. route
4. whoami

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

The hostname command displays the computer’s configured host name. This is useful when technicians need to identify a specific workstation or server during remote support, network troubleshooting, or documentation. Computer names can help distinguish one device from another when multiple systems are being managed. The hostname does not provide the device’s IP address or logged-in user, so additional commands may be required for those details. Technicians should verify the hostname before making remote changes to avoid accidentally working on the wrong computer.

Question 223

A Windows computer cannot connect to a network resource by hostname, but the resource opens when its IP address is entered. What should the technician investigate?

1. DNS resolution
2. Display drivers
3. Printer configuration
4. File compression

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

If a network resource can be reached by IP address but not by hostname, DNS resolution should be investigated first. DNS is responsible for translating hostnames into IP addresses. The technician can verify the configured DNS servers, test name resolution, inspect cached records, and compare results with another working device. A local DNS cache problem may also contribute to the issue. However, DNS is not necessarily the only possible cause, so technicians should continue testing after confirming whether the hostname resolves correctly.

Question 224

Which Windows command can display detailed TCP/IP configuration information, including DNS servers and MAC addresses?

1. ipconfig /all
2. ipconfig /release
3. ipconfig /flushdns
4. ipconfig /renew

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

The ipconfig /all command displays detailed network configuration information for Windows network adapters. Depending on the adapter, the output can include the IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, DHCP status, DNS servers, and physical address. This information is useful when diagnosing incorrect addressing, missing gateways, or DNS configuration problems. Technicians should compare the output with the expected network configuration. An incorrect configuration may indicate a DHCP issue, manual configuration error, disabled adapter, or another network-related problem.

Question 225

Which Windows feature can protect a drive by encrypting its stored contents?

1. BitLocker
2. Task Scheduler
3. Windows Sandbox
4. Resource Monitor

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

BitLocker is a Windows storage-encryption technology designed to protect data stored on supported drives. Encryption helps prevent unauthorized access to information if a computer or storage device is lost or stolen. BitLocker commonly relies on a recovery key or other authentication mechanism for data recovery when required. Organizations should maintain appropriate recovery procedures because losing the necessary recovery information can make legitimate access difficult. Technicians should verify encryption status and recovery requirements before performing storage or operating-system maintenance.

Question 226

Which security principle requires a user to receive only the permissions necessary to complete assigned tasks?

1. Defense in depth
2. Least privilege
3. Open access
4. Data redundancy

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Least privilege limits a user, application, or service to only the permissions necessary for its intended responsibilities. This reduces the potential damage caused by compromised accounts, malicious software, or accidental changes. For example, a user who only needs to read a shared document should not automatically receive permission to modify or delete it. Technicians should periodically review permissions because responsibilities can change over time. Applying least privilege consistently across systems, applications, and shared resources strengthens access control while reducing unnecessary administrative exposure.

Question 227

A user receives a text message claiming that their bank account will be closed unless they immediately click a link. What type of attack is this?

1. Phishing
2. Smishing
3. Tailgating
4. Shoulder surfing

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Smishing is phishing performed through SMS or other text messaging services. Attackers commonly create urgent messages that encourage victims to click malicious links, provide credentials, or disclose financial information. Users should avoid interacting with unexpected links and should verify account issues through the organization’s official application, website, or trusted contact method. Technicians should educate users about urgency, suspicious URLs, unexpected requests, and impersonation. Reporting suspected messages can also help organizations identify broader campaigns targeting multiple employees or customers.

Question 228

Which type of malware can replicate itself across networks without requiring a user to manually execute each infected copy?

1. Trojan
2. Worm
3. Spyware
4. Adware

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A worm is malware capable of self-replication and propagation, often across network connections or vulnerable systems. Unlike many traditional viruses, worms can spread without requiring a user to manually execute an infected file each time. Their rapid propagation can consume network resources and compromise many systems quickly. Technicians responding to suspected worm activity should isolate affected systems when appropriate, identify the propagation method, apply security updates, and follow incident-response procedures. Network monitoring and endpoint security controls can help detect unusual propagation behavior.

Question 229

Which social-engineering technique involves an attacker pretending to be a trusted employee over the telephone?

1. Vishing
2. Smishing
3. Dumpster diving
4. Tailgating

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Vishing is a form of social engineering conducted through voice or telephone communication. An attacker may impersonate a bank representative, technician, manager, or another trusted person to persuade a victim to disclose credentials or perform an unsafe action. Technicians should verify unexpected requests involving passwords, remote access, financial information, or security changes through established channels. Caller ID alone should not be treated as proof of identity because it can be manipulated. Organizations should train employees to recognize suspicious requests and report them promptly.

Question 230

Which type of attack attempts to overwhelm a service or network resource with excessive traffic or requests?

1. Credential stuffing
2. Denial of service
3. Keylogging
4. Spoofing

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A denial-of-service attack attempts to make a system, service, or network resource unavailable by overwhelming it with traffic, requests, or other resource-consuming activity. A distributed denial-of-service attack uses multiple systems to generate the attack traffic. Symptoms may include unusually high network utilization, slow response times, or service unavailability. Technicians should follow incident-response procedures, collect relevant logs, and coordinate with network or security teams. Protective measures can include traffic filtering, rate limiting, monitoring, and upstream mitigation services.

Question 231

Which Windows utility can manage partitions and volumes through a graphical interface?

1. Disk Management
2. Task Scheduler
3. Event Viewer
4. Services

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Disk Management provides a graphical interface for viewing and managing storage devices, partitions, and volumes in Windows. Technicians can use it to inspect partition layouts, assign drive letters, create or format volumes, and perform other supported disk-management operations. Formatting or deleting a partition can permanently destroy data, so technicians must verify the selected volume before making destructive changes. Disk Management is particularly useful when investigating missing drive letters, unallocated space, or newly installed storage devices.

Question 232

A Windows application repeatedly crashes because a recently installed driver is suspected. Which troubleshooting action may help determine whether the driver is responsible?

1. Roll back the driver
2. Change the desktop theme
3. Disable all network connections permanently
4. Delete user documents

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Rolling back a recently installed driver can help determine whether the new driver introduced an application or system problem. This is especially relevant when the issue began immediately after a driver update. The technician should first document the symptoms and identify the affected hardware. If the previous driver version resolves the problem, the newer version may have compatibility issues. Technicians should obtain drivers from trusted sources and avoid repeatedly installing unrelated versions without testing. A successful rollback should be documented for future troubleshooting.

Question 233

Which Windows utility can display installed applications and provide options for removing supported programs?

1. Apps and Features
2. Event Viewer
3. Task Manager
4. Disk Management

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Windows Apps and Features provides a centralized interface for viewing many installed applications and, where supported, modifying or uninstalling them. It can be useful when removing unwanted software or troubleshooting an application that needs repair or reinstallation. Before uninstalling software, technicians should determine whether the program is required by another application or business process. Some applications may also leave configuration files or dependencies after removal. Technicians should document significant software changes and verify that required functionality remains available afterward.

Question 234

Which Windows feature can automatically restore certain system settings after a problematic software or driver change?

1. System Restore
2. Disk Cleanup
3. Task Manager
4. Windows Defender Firewall

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

System Restore can return supported system configuration settings to an earlier restore point. It is commonly used after problematic driver installations, software changes, or configuration modifications that cause Windows to behave incorrectly. System Restore is not a substitute for a complete data backup because it is not designed to restore every personal file. Technicians should choose a restore point that predates the suspected problem and understand the expected consequences before proceeding. If the issue is caused by hardware failure, another troubleshooting approach may be required.

Question 235

Which Windows security feature helps control whether applications can communicate through the network?

1. Windows Defender Firewall
2. File History
3. Disk Management
4. System Information

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Windows Defender Firewall controls network traffic according to configured rules and can help restrict unauthorized connections. It can allow or block communication for applications, ports, profiles, and network traffic types depending on the configuration. When troubleshooting an application that cannot connect to a network service, technicians should determine whether firewall rules are contributing to the problem. Security should not be disabled permanently merely to restore connectivity. Instead, technicians should create or modify narrowly scoped rules when authorized and verify the application’s required communication.

Question 236

Which Linux command can display real-time information about running processes and system resource usage?

1. top
2. mkdir
3. cp
4. pwd

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

The top command provides a continuously updated view of running processes and system resource usage on Linux. It can display information such as CPU utilization, memory consumption, process identifiers, and process states. Technicians can use this information to identify processes that may be contributing to performance problems. A process using significant resources is not automatically faulty because legitimate workloads can require substantial CPU or memory. Technicians should correlate resource usage with the user’s symptoms and investigate unusual or persistent behavior.

Question 237

Which Linux command can create a new directory?

1. touch
2. mkdir
3. rm
4. cat

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

The mkdir command creates a new directory in Linux. It is commonly used when organizing files, creating application directories, or preparing locations for data. Technicians should verify the current working directory before creating folders, especially when operating with administrative privileges. Appropriate permissions should also be considered so that intended users or applications can access the new directory. The command can accept options for creating parent directories when necessary. Careful path verification reduces the chance of creating files or folders in an unintended location.

Question 238

Which Linux command can copy a file from one location to another?

1. mv
2. cp
3. rm
4. ps

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

The cp command copies files or directories from one location to another in Linux. Unlike mv, it normally leaves the original item in place while creating a copy at the destination. Technicians can use it for backups, configuration-file duplication, or moving data between supported locations while preserving the original. Before copying important files, the technician should verify the destination path, available storage, and required permissions. Overwriting an existing file can destroy useful information, so appropriate options and confirmation should be used when necessary.

Question 239

Which macOS feature can encrypt the contents of a supported startup disk to protect stored data?

1. Gatekeeper
2. FileVault
3. Activity Monitor
4. Time Machine

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

FileVault provides full-volume encryption for supported macOS startup disks. It helps protect stored information if a Mac is lost or stolen by preventing unauthorized access to encrypted data without the required authentication. FileVault recovery information is important because it may be needed when normal authentication is unavailable. Organizations should establish appropriate recovery procedures before enabling or managing encryption. Encryption does not eliminate the need for strong authentication, secure backups, or other security controls. Technicians should verify the encryption state before performing recovery or storage operations.

Question 240

A technician is preparing to troubleshoot a customer’s computer remotely. Which action should be taken before accessing the system?

1. Obtain permission and explain the support activity
2. Request every personal password
3. Disable all security controls
4. Access unrelated personal files

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Before beginning remote support, the technician should obtain the appropriate permission and explain what access will be performed and why it is necessary. This supports user privacy, professionalism, and organizational security requirements. The technician should use approved remote-support software and limit actions to the scope of the support request. Personal passwords and unrelated files should not be accessed unnecessarily. Any significant changes made during the session should be documented. Clear communication before and during remote assistance helps maintain trust and prevents misunderstandings.