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Question 341.

Which component provides temporary working memory for running programs?

1. RAM
2. ROM
3. VRAM
4. Flash memory

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Random Access Memory, or RAM, provides temporary working space for the operating system, applications, and active processes. It is volatile memory, meaning its contents are normally lost when system power is removed. ROM is traditionally associated with nonvolatile firmware storage, VRAM is dedicated to graphics operations, and flash memory provides persistent storage. Adding sufficient RAM can improve multitasking and reduce reliance on slower storage-based virtual memory. Technicians should consider memory type, capacity, speed, channel configuration, and motherboard compatibility when upgrading system RAM.

Question 342.

Which protocol automatically configures network clients?

1. DNS
2. DHCP
3. SSH
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, or DHCP, automatically provides network configuration information to clients. A DHCP server can assign an IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, DNS server addresses, and lease information. DNS performs hostname resolution, SSH provides secure remote access, and NTP synchronizes system clocks. DHCP simplifies administration because network settings do not have to be manually entered on every client. When troubleshooting a client that cannot access the network, technicians should check the DHCP service, client configuration, network connectivity, lease status, and whether the device received an appropriate address.

Question 343.

Which device provides wireless connectivity through an Ethernet network?

1. Modem
2. Repeater
3. Access point
4. Patch panel

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

A wireless access point provides Wi-Fi connectivity while typically connecting to a wired Ethernet network for backhaul communication. Wireless clients can associate with the access point and access local or external network resources. A modem provides communication with a service provider, a repeater extends certain signals, and a patch panel organizes physical cable terminations. Technicians deploying access points should consider placement, channel selection, authentication, encryption, interference, coverage, and wired uplink speed. Correct configuration ensures wireless clients can communicate reliably while maintaining appropriate network security.

Question 344.

Which connector is commonly used for telephone-line connections?

1. RJ45
2. F-type
3. USB-C
4. RJ11

Correct Answer: 4

Explanation:

RJ11 connectors are commonly associated with traditional telephone wiring and telephone equipment. They are smaller than the RJ45 connectors commonly used for Ethernet networking. F-type connectors are frequently used with coaxial cable, USB-C is a modern multipurpose connector, and RJ45 is widely used for Ethernet. Technicians working with telephone connections should inspect the cable, connector, wall jack, and telephone equipment for physical damage or poor connections. The exact wiring configuration can vary by application, so the appropriate telecommunications documentation should be consulted when necessary.

Question 345.

Which storage technology commonly uses NAND flash memory?

1. SSD
2. Tape
3. HDD
4. Optical disc

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Solid-state drives commonly use NAND flash memory to store data without mechanical movement. NAND provides nonvolatile storage, meaning information remains stored after the system is powered off. HDDs use magnetic platters, tape uses magnetic media, and optical discs rely on laser-based media. SSDs can use different flash architectures and controllers, and their performance depends on factors such as interface, controller design, flash type, and workload. Technicians selecting an SSD should consider capacity, endurance, interface compatibility, performance requirements, and manufacturer specifications.

Question 346.

Which port is commonly associated with DNS queries?

1. 22
2. 53
3. 80
4. 443

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

Port 53 is commonly associated with DNS traffic. DNS primarily uses UDP port 53 for standard queries, while TCP port 53 is also used for certain operations and responses that require TCP communication. Port 22 is commonly associated with SSH, port 80 with HTTP, and port 443 with HTTPS. When troubleshooting name-resolution problems, technicians can check DNS server configuration, connectivity, firewall rules, cached information, and whether queries are reaching the intended server. A functioning physical network connection does not necessarily mean DNS resolution is working correctly.

Question 347.

Which component provides cooling airflow inside a computer case?

1. Case fan
2. VRM
3. TPM
4. NIC

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

A case fan moves air through the computer enclosure to help remove heat generated by processors, graphics hardware, storage devices, and other components. Proper airflow typically requires a balanced arrangement of intake and exhaust fans and unobstructed ventilation paths. The VRM manages processor power delivery, the TPM provides hardware security functions, and the NIC provides network connectivity. Technicians should inspect fans for dust, unusual noise, stalled rotation, and incorrect header connections. Poor case airflow can increase internal temperatures and contribute to thermal throttling or component instability.

Question 348.

Which display interface is digital and commonly supports multiple monitors?

1. VGA
2. DVI-A
3. DisplayPort
4. PS/2

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

DisplayPort is a digital display interface designed to carry high-quality video and, when supported, audio. It can also support multiple displays through technologies such as Multi-Stream Transport. VGA is an analog video interface, DVI-A carries analog video, and PS/2 is a legacy peripheral interface. Technicians connecting multiple monitors should verify graphics-adapter capabilities, DisplayPort version, cable requirements, monitor support, resolution, and refresh-rate limitations. Appropriate adapters may be required when connecting DisplayPort outputs to displays that use different video interfaces.

Question 349.

Which security feature verifies boot software before execution?

1. Secure Boot
2. FileVault
3. Screen lock
4. User Account Control

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Secure Boot verifies trusted boot components before allowing them to execute during the system startup process. It is commonly implemented through UEFI firmware and helps protect the boot chain from unauthorized or modified software. FileVault provides storage encryption on supported Apple systems, screen locking restricts access to an active session, and User Account Control manages elevation of privileges in Windows. Secure Boot does not replace antivirus protection or full-disk encryption. Technicians should verify firmware settings and operating-system compatibility before enabling or troubleshooting this feature.

Question 350.

Which technology enables a computer to boot from a network server?

1. NAT
2. PXE
3. SMB
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

Preboot Execution Environment, or PXE, allows a compatible computer to start using boot resources provided over a network. It is commonly used for operating-system deployment, imaging, automated provisioning, and centralized maintenance. NAT translates network addresses, SMB provides file and printer sharing, and NTP synchronizes system time. PXE typically requires appropriate firmware support, DHCP configuration, and access to a network-based boot server. Technicians deploying PXE environments should verify DHCP options or equivalent configuration, network connectivity, boot-server availability, and client firmware settings.

Question 351.

Which component converts AC input into regulated DC outputs?

1. PSU
2. GPU
3. NIC
4. Heat sink

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

A power supply unit, or PSU, converts incoming AC electrical power into the regulated DC voltages required by computer components. It supplies power to the motherboard, processor, drives, graphics hardware, fans, and other devices through different connectors. A GPU performs graphics processing, a NIC provides network connectivity, and a heat sink removes heat. Technicians selecting a PSU should evaluate total wattage, efficiency, connector availability, form factor, output requirements, and system expansion plans. An inadequate or failing power supply can cause instability, unexpected shutdowns, or failure to start.

Question 352.

Which network technology identifies devices using hardware addresses?

1. DNS
2. DHCP
3. Ethernet
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

Ethernet networking uses MAC addresses to identify network interfaces at the data-link layer. Network switches learn these addresses and use them to make forwarding decisions for Ethernet frames. DNS translates names into IP addresses, DHCP supplies network configuration, and NTP synchronizes system clocks. A MAC address is associated with a network interface, although modern operating systems can sometimes use randomized addresses for privacy. Technicians may examine MAC addresses when troubleshooting switch connectivity, DHCP reservations, network access controls, and device identification.

Question 353.

Which connector is commonly used to power SATA drives?

1. SATA power
2. EPS12V
3. PCIe 8-pin
4. USB-C

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

The SATA power connector supplies electrical power to SATA storage devices such as hard drives, solid-state drives, and optical drives. It is separate from the SATA data connector, which carries information between the drive and the motherboard or controller. EPS12V provides processor power, PCIe auxiliary connectors commonly supply graphics cards, and USB-C can power external compatible peripherals. When installing a SATA drive, technicians should connect both the required data and power connections. They should also ensure the power supply has suitable connectors and sufficient capacity for the installed devices.

Question 354.

Which protocol is commonly used to send email between mail servers?

1. POP3
2. IMAP
3. SMTP
4. SFTP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, or SMTP, is commonly used to send email between mail systems and from clients to mail servers for message submission. POP3 is primarily used to retrieve messages, while IMAP provides server-based mailbox access and synchronization. SFTP provides secure file-transfer functionality over SSH. SMTP configurations may use different ports depending on whether messages are submitted securely or transferred between mail servers. Technicians troubleshooting outgoing email should check server names, ports, authentication requirements, encryption settings, DNS records, firewall rules, and service availability.

Question 355.

Which component captures sound input on a laptop?

1. Speaker
2. Microphone
3. Webcam
4. Touchpad

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

A microphone captures sound and converts acoustic signals into electrical or digital information that applications can process. Laptop microphones are often integrated into the display bezel or chassis and are commonly used for video conferencing, voice recording, and communication applications. Speakers provide audio output, webcams capture video, and touchpads provide pointer control. Technicians troubleshooting microphone problems should verify privacy permissions, input-device selection, mute settings, drivers, application configuration, and physical hardware condition. Operating systems may allow individual applications to have separate microphone permissions.

Question 356.

Which RAID level provides striping without redundancy?

1. RAID 0
2. RAID 1
3. RAID 5
4. RAID 10

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

RAID 0 distributes data across multiple drives using striping, which can improve storage performance and combine drive capacity. However, RAID 0 provides no redundancy. If one drive in the array fails, the array’s data can become inaccessible. RAID 1 mirrors data, RAID 5 uses striping with distributed parity, and RAID 10 combines mirroring and striping. Technicians should never treat RAID 0 as a backup solution. Its use should be based on workloads where performance or capacity is more important than protection from individual drive failure.

Question 357.

Which device can provide Internet access through a cable provider?

1. DSL modem
2. Cellular modem
3. Cable modem
4. Bluetooth adapter

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

A cable modem provides Internet connectivity through the coaxial infrastructure commonly used by cable service providers. It communicates with the provider’s network and typically supplies an Ethernet connection to a router or directly to a compatible device. A DSL modem uses telephone-line infrastructure, a cellular modem uses a mobile carrier network, and a Bluetooth adapter provides short-range device communication. Technicians troubleshooting cable Internet should check coaxial connections, signal levels, modem status indicators, Ethernet connectivity, provisioning, and service-provider availability.

Question 358.

Which technology provides encrypted storage protection?

1. BitLocker
2. DHCP
3. RAID 0
4. POST

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

BitLocker is a Windows feature that provides volume encryption to protect data stored on supported drives. It can work with hardware security features such as TPM and can require recovery credentials under certain circumstances. DHCP supplies network configuration, RAID 0 provides striped storage without redundancy, and POST performs hardware initialization checks during startup. Technicians deploying BitLocker should understand recovery-key management, supported Windows editions, TPM configuration, encryption policies, and backup procedures. Losing required recovery information can make encrypted data difficult or impossible to access.

Question 359.

Which component connects a computer to an Ethernet network?

1. GPU
2. NIC
3. PSU
4. DAC

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

A network interface card, or NIC, provides the hardware interface required for Ethernet communication. It connects the computer to a wired network through an Ethernet port and works with the operating system’s network stack to send and receive frames. A GPU handles graphics processing, a PSU supplies electrical power, and a DAC converts digital signals into analog audio. Technicians troubleshooting Ethernet connectivity should inspect the cable, link indicators, adapter status, driver installation, IP configuration, and switch-port condition. Some computers use integrated Ethernet adapters rather than separate expansion cards.

Question 360.

Which technology allows a monitor to receive power and video through one connection?

1. VGA
2. DVI
3. USB-C
4. PS/2

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

USB-C can carry video and power through a single connection when the connected devices and ports support the required standards. Technologies such as DisplayPort Alt Mode can allow compatible USB-C connections to transmit display signals, while USB Power Delivery can provide electrical power. VGA and DVI primarily provide video connectivity and do not normally provide the same integrated power capability. PS/2 is a legacy keyboard and mouse interface. Technicians should verify the capabilities of both the computer and monitor because a USB-C connector’s physical shape alone does not guarantee video or power support.