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Question 301. What does 802.11k assisted roaming provide to a compatible client

1. DHCP reservations
2. Neighbor AP information
3. Controller certificates
4. VLAN assignments

Correct Answer: 2. Neighbor AP information

Explanation:

Cisco assisted roaming uses 802.11k to provide compatible wireless clients with information about neighboring access points that are suitable roaming candidates. This reduces the need for a client to scan every possible channel before deciding where to roam. The neighbor list contains BSSIDs associated with the same wireless network and can help improve roaming speed for mobile applications. The wireless client still makes the final roaming decision. Cisco Catalyst 9800 can generate optimized neighbor lists according to the RF relationship between a client and surrounding access points.

Question 302. What is the maximum 802.11k neighbor count in a dual band neighbor list

1. Four
2. Six
3. Eight
4. Twelve

Correct Answer: 4. Twelve

Explanation:

Cisco documents a maximum of twelve visible neighbors when assisted roaming uses a dual band neighbor list. The dual band option allows the neighbor report to contain candidate access points from both supported radio bands rather than limiting the list to the band where the client is currently associated. This can help compatible dual band clients consider additional roaming destinations. Cisco also documents a lower maximum for a single band neighbor list. The neighbor information is intended to reduce scanning overhead and help clients locate appropriate candidate access points more efficiently during movement.

Question 303. What is the maximum neighbor count in a single band 802.11k list

1. Six
2. Twelve
3. Twenty
4. Thirty two

Correct Answer: 1. Six

Explanation:

Cisco assisted roaming supports a maximum of six neighbors in a single band neighbor list. This focused list provides the client with likely roaming candidates without requiring it to scan every channel across the band. When dual band neighbor reporting is enabled, the list can contain more candidate access points from both bands. Neighbor lists are generated according to wireless topology and client RF relationships, so different clients can receive different recommendations. The goal is to reduce scanning delay and improve roaming efficiency while still allowing the client device to make the actual association decision.

Question 304. What is the default assisted roaming floor bias

1. 5 dB
2. 10 dB
3. 15 dB
4. 25 dB

Correct Answer: 3. 15 dB

Explanation:

Cisco documents a default assisted roaming floor bias value of 15 dB. The floor bias helps influence how neighbor access points located on different floors are treated when the wireless infrastructure creates roaming information. Correct floor information is particularly useful in multistory environments because a client may hear access points above or below its current floor. The supported configurable range is from 5 through 25 dB. Designers should use accurate AP placement and floor mapping so assisted roaming information represents the real physical environment and does not encourage clients toward unsuitable access points.

Question 305. What is the default state of assisted roaming prediction optimization

1. Disabled
2. Enabled
3. Mandatory
4. Monitor only

Correct Answer: 1. Disabled

Explanation:

Prediction based assisted roaming is disabled by default. This feature is designed to improve roaming behavior for clients that do not support 802.11k neighbor reports. The controller builds a predicted neighbor list for the client using observed probe information and association history. It can then discourage the client from joining access points that are not considered suitable predicted neighbors. Because this behavior can influence association decisions for clients without native 802.11k support, administrators should enable it intentionally and validate important client types before relying on it throughout a production wireless network.

Question 306. What can prediction based assisted roaming do to an unsuitable AP association

1. Increase AP power
2. Change the SSID
3. Create a new VLAN
4. Deny the association temporarily

Correct Answer: 4. Deny the association temporarily

Explanation:

Prediction based assisted roaming can temporarily deny an association when a non 802.11k client attempts to join an access point that does not appear in its stored prediction neighbor list. The controller builds the prediction list from recent probe information and attempts to guide the client toward more suitable access points. A configurable denial count limits how many times the association can be refused. This mechanism does not permanently block the client. It is intended to improve roaming behavior for devices that cannot request normal 802.11k neighbor reports themselves.

Question 307. Which clients are targeted by prediction based assisted roaming

1. Wired clients
2. Clients without 802.11k support
3. Only mesh RAPs
4. Only 6 GHz clients

Correct Answer: 2. Clients without 802.11k support

Explanation:

Prediction based assisted roaming is specifically intended to help wireless clients that do not support 802.11k. Such clients cannot request a standard neighbor report from the wireless infrastructure. Cisco instead creates a predicted list based on probe information and the client’s observed RF relationship with nearby access points. The controller can use this list to discourage association with less desirable APs. This provides some roaming optimization for legacy or limited clients even though they do not implement the native neighbor report mechanism available to fully compatible 802.11k devices.

Question 308. What does a dual band neighbor list include

1. Only 2.4 GHz neighbors
2. Only 5 GHz neighbors
3. Neighbors from both bands
4. Only wired devices

Correct Answer: 3. Neighbors from both bands

Explanation:

A dual band 802.11k neighbor list allows a client to receive candidate access points from both supported radio bands. Without this option, the neighbor list normally contains AP candidates in the same band where the client is currently associated. Providing both bands can help a capable client consider a broader set of suitable roaming destinations and can support movement toward a better frequency band when appropriate. The client still controls the final roaming decision. Cisco Catalyst 9800 provides a specific assisted roaming option for enabling this dual band neighbor list behavior.

Question 309. What happens to WLAN load balancing when prediction assisted roaming is enabled

1. It doubles the threshold
2. It becomes mandatory
3. It moves to the AP
4. It is disabled for that WLAN

Correct Answer: 4. It is disabled for that WLAN

Explanation:

Cisco documents that enabling prediction based assisted roaming conflicts with WLAN load balancing. If load balancing is already enabled, the controller displays a warning and disables load balancing for that WLAN when assisted roaming prediction is configured. Both features can influence which AP a client should associate with, so allowing them to act independently could produce conflicting behavior. Designers should therefore decide which association optimization mechanism best fits the client population and wireless requirements. Testing is important because actual association and roaming behavior still depends heavily on the client implementation.

Question 310. What traffic type does Call Admission Control primarily protect

1. Voice
2. Bulk file transfers
3. DNS only
4. Email only

Correct Answer: 1. Voice

Explanation:

Call Admission Control is primarily designed to protect voice quality by limiting how many calls are admitted when wireless resources are constrained. Voice is sensitive to latency, jitter, packet loss, and airtime contention. Allowing more calls than a radio can support can reduce quality for all active users. CAC checks available resources before admitting additional voice sessions and can reject new calls when the configured bandwidth or resource limits have been reached. Cisco describes CAC as applying to voice traffic rather than ordinary data traffic, making it an important element of enterprise wireless voice design.

Question 311. What does TSPEC request for a wireless voice client

1. Controller software
2. A new SSID
3. Reserved wireless resources
4. A DHCP address

Correct Answer: 3. Reserved wireless resources

Explanation:

A traffic specification request allows a compatible wireless voice client to request the resources needed for a traffic stream. Cisco Call Admission Control uses TSPEC information to determine whether sufficient wireless capacity is available before admitting another voice call. If the AP can support the requested stream while maintaining acceptable service for existing calls, the request can be admitted. If resources are insufficient, the request can be rejected. TSPEC based admission therefore helps prevent excessive voice traffic from degrading the quality of calls already using the wireless medium.

Question 312. Why does Cisco provide SIP CAC

1. To replace CAPWAP
2. Some SIP phones do not support TSPEC
3. To configure antennas
4. To detect rogue APs

Correct Answer: 2. Some SIP phones do not support TSPEC

Explanation:

Cisco provides SIP Call Admission Control because many SIP phones do not implement the TSPEC mechanism required by traditional wireless CAC. SIP CAC allows the infrastructure to estimate and control bandwidth requirements for SIP based calls even when the phone cannot submit a TSPEC reservation. Cisco configuration includes parameters such as call bandwidth and voice sample interval so the controller can calculate the expected resource requirement. This allows admission control to protect wireless voice quality across a broader range of voice endpoints rather than being limited only to devices that implement TSPEC.

Question 313. What does load based CAC consider

1. Current channel utilization
2. DNS response time
3. Controller serial number
4. AP mounting height

Correct Answer: 1. Current channel utilization

Explanation:

Load based Call Admission Control considers the actual load on the wireless channel when deciding whether another voice session can be admitted. This makes the decision responsive to real RF activity rather than relying only on a fixed theoretical bandwidth allocation. If the channel is already heavily utilized, a new call may be rejected to protect the quality of existing sessions. Cisco voice deployment guidance recommends load based CAC for appropriate voice WLAN designs. This approach is particularly valuable because nonvoice traffic and neighboring wireless activity can consume airtime even when the number of current voice calls appears low.

Question 314. What does the CAC maximum bandwidth setting control

1. Number of WLAN names
2. AP Ethernet speed
3. DHCP pool size
4. Percentage available for admitted voice traffic

Correct Answer: 4. Percentage available for admitted voice traffic

Explanation:

The maximum bandwidth setting determines the percentage of wireless bandwidth that Call Admission Control can allocate to voice applications. Cisco allows administrators to limit how much radio capacity is consumed by admitted voice streams so enough resources remain for other traffic and network functions. When the configured voice allocation has been reached, additional calls can be rejected rather than degrading all existing sessions. Correct values depend on the RF design, codec requirements, expected voice density, data usage, and application service objectives. The parameter should therefore be planned as part of the overall wireless capacity model.

Question 315. What is reserved roaming bandwidth used for in voice CAC

1. Guest clients
2. Roaming voice clients
3. Controller upgrades
4. Mesh backhaul only

Correct Answer: 2. Roaming voice clients

Explanation:

Reserved roaming bandwidth sets aside part of the CAC capacity for voice clients that are already on calls and need to roam into another access point. This helps prevent an active call from being dropped simply because the target AP has admitted many new local calls and no capacity remains. Protecting some resources for roaming sessions supports better voice mobility and more consistent user experience. The exact reservation should be based on expected roaming activity and voice density. Excessive reservation can leave useful airtime unused, while too little can increase the risk of failed voice handoffs.

Question 316. What is the purpose of mesh CAC

1. Increase antenna gain
2. Assign bridge group names
3. Protect voice quality over mesh links
4. Create DHCP pools

Correct Answer: 3. Protect voice quality over mesh links

Explanation:

Mesh Call Admission Control protects voice quality by monitoring available bandwidth across the wireless mesh and limiting new calls when resources are insufficient. Mesh backhaul capacity is shared by client traffic and infrastructure traffic, so admitting too many real time sessions can degrade every call using the path. CAC compares the bandwidth required by a new call with available mesh resources. If adequate bandwidth does not exist, the new call is rejected. This preserves service for sessions that are already active and prevents oversubscription of constrained wireless backhaul links.

Question 317. When does mesh CAC reject a new call

1. When bandwidth is insufficient
2. When DHCP is enabled
3. When the RAP is wired
4. When the WLAN uses AES

Correct Answer: 1. When bandwidth is insufficient

Explanation:

Mesh CAC rejects a new call when available wireless mesh bandwidth is not sufficient to support the additional session while maintaining acceptable quality. Each AP evaluates available resources against the bandwidth required by the proposed call. This prevents the network from accepting more real time traffic than the mesh backhaul can reliably transport. The objective is not to maximize the total number of simultaneous calls at any cost. Instead, CAC protects the quality of calls that have already been admitted by refusing additional demand when resources are constrained.

Question 318. Where is mesh CAC not supported

1. RAPs with wired uplinks
2. Mesh trees using the default site tag
3. Named site tags
4. Voice WLANs

Correct Answer: 2. Mesh trees using the default site tag

Explanation:

Cisco states that mesh Call Admission Control is not supported when the mesh tree is assigned to the default site tag. A supported design should use an appropriate named site tag and keep the mesh tree aligned with the required tagging model. Site tags influence multiple Catalyst 9800 functions, including AP organization, roaming domains, internal process distribution, and feature support. Using deliberate named site tags rather than relying on defaults makes behavior more predictable in advanced deployments. Designers planning voice over mesh should therefore verify the site tag configuration before enabling mesh CAC.

Question 319. What other site tag condition prevents mesh CAC support

1. All APs share one named site tag
2. The RAP has higher priority
3. APs in one mesh tree use different site tags
4. Clients use WPA3

Correct Answer: 3. APs in one mesh tree use different site tags

Explanation:

Cisco does not support mesh Call Admission Control when access points within the same mesh tree are assigned different site tags. A consistent site tag is required across the tree for supported CAC operation. This requirement reinforces the importance of treating a mesh as a coordinated infrastructure domain rather than assigning its APs independently. Mesh design already depends on consistent backhaul relationships, Bridge Group Names, RF paths, and controller connectivity. Voice admission control adds another reason to keep the logical configuration of APs in the same mesh tree consistent and intentional.

Question 320. What does admission control prevent in a wireless voice design

1. Excessive voice oversubscription
2. Client certificate use
3. Channel scanning
4. DHCP renewal

Correct Answer: 1. Excessive voice oversubscription

Explanation:

Admission control prevents more voice sessions from entering a wireless cell or mesh path than available resources can support with acceptable quality. Without CAC, additional calls can continue consuming airtime until latency, jitter, and packet loss become unacceptable for every user. CAC evaluates resource requirements and can refuse a new session once configured limits are reached. This makes the behavior different from ordinary data traffic, which can usually tolerate variable delay and share bandwidth more flexibly. Proper CAC settings should be based on codec requirements, expected call density, RF capacity, and roaming needs.