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Question 41

Which protocol allows a host to automatically discover the MAC address of its default gateway in an IPv6 network?

1. DHCPv6
2. DNS
3. Neighbor Discovery Protocol
4. FTP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

IPv6 uses the Neighbor Discovery Protocol, or NDP, to perform functions that are partly handled by ARP in IPv4. NDP uses ICMPv6 messages to discover neighboring devices, determine link-layer addresses, and learn router information. A host can use Router Solicitation and Router Advertisement messages to discover available routers and obtain network configuration information. DHCPv6 can provide additional configuration, but it is not the primary mechanism for discovering the local router. Therefore, Neighbor Discovery Protocol is the correct answer.

Question 42

Which command enables IPv6 routing globally on a Cisco router?

1. ipv6 routing
2. ipv6 unicast-routing
3. ip routing ipv6
4. enable ipv6 route

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

The ipv6 unicast-routing command enables IPv6 packet forwarding globally on a Cisco router. Without this command, the router may be able to have IPv6 addresses configured on interfaces, but it will not operate as an IPv6 router for forwarding unicast traffic between interfaces. After IPv6 routing is enabled, administrators can configure IPv6 addresses, static routes, or dynamic IPv6 routing protocols. The other listed commands are not valid Cisco IOS commands for enabling global IPv6 unicast routing. Therefore, ipv6 unicast-routing is correct.

Question 43

Which IPv4 address is the broadcast address for the subnet 192.168.20.64/27?

1. 192.168.20.95
2. 192.168.20.96
3. 192.168.20.94
4. 192.168.20.127

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

A /27 subnet contains 32 total IPv4 addresses. For the 192.168.20.64/27 network, the address range extends from 192.168.20.64 through 192.168.20.95. The first address, .64, is the network address, and the last address, .95, is the broadcast address. Addresses from .65 through .94 are normally usable by hosts. The next subnet begins at .96. Therefore, 192.168.20.95 is the correct broadcast address for the specified subnet.

Question 44

Which routing protocol is classified as an exterior gateway protocol and is commonly used between autonomous systems?

1. OSPF
2. RIP
3. EIGRP
4. BGP

Correct Answer: 4

Explanation

Border Gateway Protocol, or BGP, is an exterior gateway protocol used to exchange routing information between autonomous systems. It is fundamental to Internet routing because organizations and service providers use BGP to advertise and receive routes between independently administered networks. OSPF, RIP, and EIGRP are generally used as interior gateway protocols within autonomous systems. BGP uses various attributes and policies to influence route selection rather than simply relying on the shortest path. Therefore, BGP is the correct protocol for routing between autonomous systems.

Question 45

Which Cisco switch feature limits the number of MAC addresses that can be learned on a switch port?

1. Port Security
2. Storm Control
3. Root Guard
4. IP Source Guard

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Port Security allows administrators to control which and how many MAC addresses can be associated with a switch port. This feature can help prevent unauthorized devices from connecting to a network by limiting the number of permitted MAC addresses or specifying secure MAC addresses. Administrators can configure violation actions such as restricting, protecting, or shutting down a port when configured limits are exceeded. Storm Control limits certain types of excessive traffic, while Root Guard and IP Source Guard provide different security functions. Therefore, Port Security is correct.

Question 46

Which type of NAT allows multiple private IPv4 hosts to share one public IPv4 address by using different port numbers?

1. Static NAT
2. Dynamic NAT
3. PAT
4. Destination NAT

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Port Address Translation, or PAT, allows multiple private IPv4 hosts to share a single public IPv4 address by distinguishing individual connections through different source port numbers. PAT is commonly used in networks where many internal devices need access to the Internet while only a limited number of public IPv4 addresses are available. Static NAT normally creates a fixed one-to-one mapping, while dynamic NAT maps private addresses to addresses from a public pool. Therefore, PAT is the correct method for allowing many hosts to share one public address.

Question 47

Which Cisco IOS command can display NAT translations currently stored on a router?

1. show ip nat translations
2. show ip route nat
3. show nat table
4. show translations ip

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

The show ip nat translations command displays active NAT translation entries on a Cisco router. These entries show mappings between inside local, inside global, outside local, and outside global addresses, depending on the configured NAT operation. This command is useful when troubleshooting connectivity involving Network Address Translation because administrators can verify whether translations are being created as expected. The other listed commands are not the standard Cisco IOS syntax for displaying the NAT translation table. Therefore, show ip nat translations is correct.

Question 48

Which WAN technology creates a secure encrypted tunnel between networks over an untrusted network such as the Internet?

1. VLAN
2. VPN
3. STP
4. EtherChannel

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A Virtual Private Network, or VPN, can create a secure tunnel through an untrusted network such as the public Internet. Depending on the VPN technology, traffic can be encrypted and authenticated to help protect data while it travels between endpoints. Site-to-site VPNs can connect entire networks, while remote-access VPNs can provide individual users with secure access to organizational resources. VLANs provide Layer 2 segmentation, STP prevents switching loops, and EtherChannel combines physical links. Therefore, VPN is the correct choice for secure tunneled communication.

Question 49

Which Cisco device interface is typically used to provide Layer 3 connectivity between VLANs on a multilayer switch?

1. Console interface
2. Routed port
3. VTY line
4. AUX interface

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A routed port on a multilayer Cisco switch operates as a Layer 3 interface and can participate in IP routing. It does not belong to a VLAN in the same way as a traditional switchport. Multilayer switches can also use switched virtual interfaces, or SVIs, to provide Layer 3 connectivity for VLANs. Console and AUX interfaces are used for device management, while VTY lines provide virtual remote terminal sessions. Therefore, a routed port is the appropriate Layer 3 interface among the listed choices.

Question 50

Which technology allows a multilayer switch to route traffic between different VLANs using virtual interfaces?

1. SVI
2. CDP
3. VTP
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

A Switched Virtual Interface, or SVI, is a logical Layer 3 interface associated with a VLAN on a multilayer switch. Administrators can assign an IP address to an SVI and enable routing between VLANs through the switch. Each VLAN requiring Layer 3 connectivity can have an appropriate SVI configured. CDP and LLDP are neighbor-discovery protocols, while VTP is associated with VLAN information management in supported Cisco environments. Therefore, an SVI is the correct technology for providing Layer 3 VLAN interfaces.

Question 51

Which protocol is used by switches to prevent Layer 2 switching loops?

1. DHCP
2. STP
3. DNS
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Spanning Tree Protocol, or STP, prevents Layer 2 switching loops by creating a loop-free logical topology. When redundant paths exist between switches, STP places selected interfaces into a non-forwarding state so that frames do not circulate indefinitely. If an active path fails, STP can allow an alternate path to become available. DHCP provides network configuration, DNS performs name resolution, and NTP synchronizes time. Therefore, STP is the protocol responsible for preventing Layer 2 loops in switched networks.

Question 52

Which type of IPv6 address is globally routable across the Internet?

1. Link-local
2. Unique local
3. Global unicast
4. Multicast

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Global unicast IPv6 addresses are designed to be globally routable and can be used for communication across the Internet. They are assigned from the global unicast address space and can be routed by IPv6 routers. Link-local addresses are restricted to the local network segment, while unique local addresses are intended primarily for private internal communication. Multicast addresses identify groups of interfaces rather than individual globally reachable hosts. Therefore, a global unicast address is the correct IPv6 address type for Internet-routable communication.

Question 53

Which command displays the VLANs configured on a Cisco switch along with their assigned access ports?

1. show interfaces trunk
2. show vlan brief
3. show ip interface brief
4. show spanning-tree root

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

The show vlan brief command displays VLAN information on a Cisco switch, including VLAN IDs, VLAN names, status, and access ports assigned to each VLAN. It is commonly used to quickly verify whether VLANs exist and whether access interfaces are associated with the expected VLAN. The show interfaces trunk command focuses on trunk ports and their VLAN information, while show ip interface brief provides IP interface details. Therefore, show vlan brief is the appropriate command for viewing VLANs and their access ports.

Question 54

Which protocol allows network devices from different vendors to exchange neighbor information?

1. CDP
2. LLDP
3. VTP
4. DTP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Link Layer Discovery Protocol, or LLDP, is a vendor-neutral neighbor discovery protocol that allows network devices from different manufacturers to advertise and learn information about directly connected devices. Administrators can use LLDP to identify device names, ports, capabilities, and other useful information. CDP provides similar discovery capabilities but is Cisco proprietary. VTP is associated with VLAN management, while DTP can negotiate trunking on supported Cisco switch interfaces. Therefore, LLDP is the correct vendor-neutral neighbor discovery protocol.

Question 55

Which DHCP message is sent by a client to locate available DHCP servers?

1. DHCPACK
2. DHCPREQUEST
3. DHCPDISCOVER
4. DHCPDECLINE

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

DHCPDISCOVER is the initial message sent by a DHCP client when it needs to obtain network configuration information. Because the client may not yet have an IP address, the message is typically sent as a broadcast on the local network. Available DHCP servers respond with DHCPOFFER messages containing proposed configuration information. DHCPREQUEST is used by the client to request a specific offer, while DHCPACK confirms the assignment. DHCPDECLINE informs the server that an offered address appears to be in use. Therefore, DHCPDISCOVER is correct.

Question 56

Which type of Ethernet cable is traditionally used to connect similar devices directly when automatic MDI/MDIX is unavailable?

1. Straight-through cable
2. Rollover cable
3. Crossover cable
4. Console cable

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

A crossover Ethernet cable traditionally connects similar types of Ethernet devices directly, such as switch-to-switch or PC-to-PC connections, when the devices do not support automatic MDI/MDIX. The transmit and receive pairs are crossed so that the appropriate pins connect between the devices. Straight-through cables are traditionally used between different device types, such as a host and switch. Rollover cables are associated with console connections, while console cables are used for device management. Therefore, crossover cable is the correct answer.

Question 57

Which QoS mechanism can classify and mark network traffic so that different types of traffic receive different treatment?

1. Traffic shaping
2. Classification and marking
3. NAT
4. Port security

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Classification and marking are important Quality of Service, or QoS, functions used to identify network traffic and assign markings that indicate how traffic should be treated. For example, voice traffic can be classified and marked so that network devices recognize its importance and apply appropriate forwarding policies. Traffic shaping controls the rate at which traffic is transmitted, while NAT translates addresses and Port Security controls Layer 2 access. Therefore, classification and marking are the correct QoS functions for identifying and marking traffic.

Question 58

Which type of IPv4 address is used to send traffic to all hosts on the local subnet?

1. Unicast
2. Anycast
3. Broadcast
4. Loopback

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

An IPv4 broadcast address is used to send traffic to all applicable hosts within a broadcast domain or subnet. A directed broadcast can target all hosts in a specific subnet, while the limited broadcast address 255.255.255.255 is used for communication to hosts on the local network. Unicast traffic is intended for a single destination, anycast is associated primarily with IPv6, and loopback addresses are used for communication within the local host. Therefore, broadcast is the correct IPv4 addressing method for reaching all local hosts.

Question 59

Which Cisco IOS command displays the current configuration stored in RAM?

1. show startup-config
2. show running-config
3. show flash
4. show configuration-register

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

The show running-config command displays the active configuration currently stored in RAM on a Cisco device. It shows configuration commands that are presently applied to the device and is useful when verifying settings or troubleshooting configuration problems. The startup configuration is stored in NVRAM and can be viewed with show startup-config. The show flash command provides information about files stored in flash memory, while configuration-register information relates to device startup behavior. Therefore, show running-config is the correct command.

Question 60

Which network device is primarily designed to connect wireless clients to a wired Ethernet network?

1. Access point
2. Router
3. Hub
4. Modem

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

A wireless access point provides connectivity between wireless clients and a wired network infrastructure. It allows devices such as laptops, smartphones, and wireless IoT devices to connect to the network using Wi-Fi while forwarding their traffic toward the wired LAN. A router primarily performs Layer 3 forwarding between networks, a hub repeats Ethernet signals to multiple ports, and a modem provides access to a service provider network using specific WAN technologies. Therefore, an access point is the correct device for connecting wireless clients to a wired network.