View Full Cisco CCNP 300-435 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Dumps

 

Question 81.

Which Cisco platform is designed for cloud-managed network automation?

1. Cisco Catalyst Center
2. Cisco Meraki Dashboard
3. Cisco Secure Firewall
4. Cisco ThousandEyes

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

Cisco Meraki Dashboard provides centralized cloud-based management for supported Meraki networking and security products. Administrators can manage devices, monitor network activity, apply configuration changes, and automate operational tasks through a centralized interface and available APIs. Its cloud-managed architecture reduces the need for traditional device-by-device administration. Catalyst Center focuses on enterprise network management and automation, Secure Firewall provides security functionality, and ThousandEyes provides digital experience and network visibility capabilities. Understanding the management architecture of Cisco platforms helps automation engineers select the appropriate APIs and workflows for different infrastructure environments.

Question 82.

Which Python library provides SSH connectivity to network devices?

1. Requests
2. Netmiko
3. NumPy
4. BeautifulSoup

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

Netmiko is a Python library designed to simplify SSH-based connections to network devices from automation applications. It provides higher-level functionality for establishing sessions, sending commands, retrieving output, and interacting with multiple network platforms. This makes it useful when automation must work through CLI interfaces rather than structured APIs. Requests is primarily used for HTTP communication, NumPy supports numerical operations, and BeautifulSoup is commonly used for parsing HTML or XML-like documents. Netmiko is therefore a practical choice when developing Python automation that needs to interact with network equipment through secure CLI sessions.

Question 83.

Which automation pattern retrieves device information before making configuration decisions?

1. Closed-loop control
2. Blind provisioning
3. State discovery
4. Static execution

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

State discovery gathers information about the current condition of infrastructure before an automation workflow decides what actions are required. This can include retrieving interface states, software versions, configuration values, inventory information, or operational statistics. By understanding the existing state, automation can make decisions based on actual conditions rather than assuming every device is identical. Blind provisioning skips this important discovery stage and can result in unnecessary or inappropriate changes. Static execution does not inherently provide state awareness. State discovery is therefore an important foundation for adaptive and reliable network automation workflows.

Question 84.

Which HTTP header commonly identifies the requested response representation?

1. Accept
2. Hostname
3. Session-ID
4. Device-Role

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

The HTTP Accept header indicates which response media types a client is prepared to receive. For example, an automation application can use this header to communicate that it expects JSON or another supported representation from an API. This helps the server select an appropriate response format when the API supports content negotiation. The other choices are not standard HTTP headers for specifying the desired response representation. Correct use of HTTP headers is important when interacting with REST APIs because authentication, content type, accepted formats, and other request characteristics are often communicated through headers.

Question 85.

Which Cisco architecture separates management applications from forwarding hardware?

1. Traditional bridging
2. Software-defined networking
3. Static routing
4. Physical switching

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

Software-defined networking separates network control and management functions from the underlying forwarding infrastructure through programmable interfaces and centralized or logically centralized control mechanisms. This architectural approach enables applications to interact with network behavior through software rather than requiring direct manual configuration of every forwarding device. It can improve programmability, centralized policy management, and automation capabilities. Traditional bridging, static routing, and physical switching describe specific networking behaviors rather than an architectural separation between software control and forwarding infrastructure. SDN concepts are therefore important when studying controller-driven network automation.

Question 86.

Which Python operation converts a JSON string into native Python objects?

1. json.dumps()
2. json.loads()
3. json.encode()
4. json.stringify()

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

The Python json.loads() function parses a JSON-formatted string and converts it into corresponding Python data structures such as dictionaries, lists, strings, numbers, and Boolean values. This is especially useful when automation receives JSON responses from REST APIs. After parsing, the application can access individual fields, evaluate conditions, transform values, or use the information in subsequent workflow steps. json.dumps() performs the opposite general operation by converting Python objects into a JSON-formatted string. The other options are not the standard Python JSON functions used for this conversion.

Question 87.

Which design approach keeps device credentials outside application source files?

1. Credential abstraction
2. Inline authentication
3. Static passwords
4. Embedded secrets

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Credential abstraction separates authentication details from the automation application’s core source code. Instead of placing usernames, passwords, or tokens directly inside scripts, the workflow can retrieve credentials through environment variables, secure vaults, credential managers, or platform-specific authentication mechanisms. This improves security and allows the same application logic to operate across different environments without modifying source code. Inline authentication and embedded secrets increase exposure risks, while static passwords can create additional maintenance and security concerns. Separating credentials from application logic is an important design practice for secure and reusable network automation.

Question 88.

Which Ansible element contains the individual operations performed during a play?

1. Inventory
2. Tasks
3. Variables
4. Plugins

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

Ansible tasks define the individual operations that a play performs against selected hosts. Each task invokes an Ansible module or another supported mechanism to accomplish a particular action. In network automation, tasks may retrieve device information, configure interfaces, modify routing parameters, validate state, or execute other supported operations. Inventory defines managed hosts and groups, variables provide data used by workflows, and plugins extend Ansible functionality. Organizing automation into clearly defined tasks helps make playbooks readable, testable, and easier to troubleshoot when individual operations produce unexpected results.

Question 89.

Which concept allows automation to use different values while retaining one template?

1. Variable substitution
2. Command cloning
3. Session duplication
4. Manual replacement

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Variable substitution allows a reusable template to contain placeholders whose values are supplied at execution time. This enables one template to generate different configurations for different devices or environments without duplicating the entire template. For example, interface addresses, device identifiers, VLAN values, or routing parameters can be provided as variables. The template remains consistent while the resulting configuration changes according to the supplied data. Command cloning and manual replacement create unnecessary duplication, while session duplication does not address dynamic configuration generation. Variable-driven templates are therefore a core technique in scalable network automation.

Question 90.

Which API property indicates whether a request should be processed without waiting for completion?

1. Synchronous execution
2. Blocking operation
3. Asynchronous processing
4. Sequential handling

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

Asynchronous processing allows an application to initiate an operation without necessarily waiting for that operation to finish before continuing other work. In network automation, a controller may accept a request, start a longer-running task, and provide a task identifier or later status mechanism. The automation application can then monitor progress separately rather than maintaining a blocking connection throughout the entire operation. Synchronous and blocking approaches generally require the client to wait for completion, while sequential handling describes ordered processing rather than asynchronous behavior. Understanding asynchronous APIs is useful when automating long-running network operations.

Question 91.

Which mechanism can trigger automation when a monitored condition changes?

1. Event subscription
2. Static inventory
3. Manual polling
4. Offline reporting

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Event subscription allows an automation application or monitoring service to register interest in specific events and receive information when those events occur. This supports reactive automation because workflows can be initiated based on actual changes rather than repeatedly checking the same condition. For example, an application may subscribe to interface-state, device-health, or configuration events and respond when relevant notifications arrive. Static inventory provides descriptive information, manual polling repeatedly requests information, and offline reporting does not provide immediate event-driven interaction. Event subscriptions can therefore improve responsiveness and reduce unnecessary polling traffic.

Question 92.

Which Cisco technology provides programmable access to network telemetry and configuration using gRPC?

1. SNMP
2. gNMI
3. CDP
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

gNMI, or gRPC Network Management Interface, provides programmatic mechanisms for configuration and telemetry operations and commonly works with structured YANG-modeled data. It can support streaming telemetry subscriptions, allowing applications to receive ongoing operational information from supported devices. This differs from SNMP, which uses a separate management protocol and data model approach. CDP and LLDP primarily provide neighbor and device discovery information. gNMI is increasingly relevant to modern network automation because it supports structured, programmatic interaction and efficient streaming of operational data.

Question 93.

Which Git practice helps identify who introduced a particular code change?

1. Commit history
2. Branch deletion
3. Repository cloning
4. Workspace reset

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Git commit history records information associated with repository changes, including the author, timestamp, commit message, and changed content. Engineers can examine this history to understand how automation code evolved and identify the commit associated with a particular modification. This traceability supports troubleshooting, auditing, collaboration, and controlled development. Branch deletion removes a branch reference, repository cloning creates a local copy, and workspace reset changes local repository state. Maintaining meaningful commit messages and reviewing commit history can therefore make large network automation projects easier to manage.

Question 94.

Which API practice reduces unnecessary information transferred in responses?

1. Response filtering
2. Packet fragmentation
3. Credential masking
4. Route aggregation

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Response filtering allows an API client to limit returned information to the fields or resources required by the automation workflow when the API supports that capability. Reducing unnecessary response data can lower bandwidth usage, parsing overhead, memory consumption, and processing time. This becomes increasingly useful when APIs return large objects containing many attributes that the automation does not need. Packet fragmentation changes how network packets are transmitted, credential masking protects sensitive information, and route aggregation summarizes network routes. Response filtering is therefore a useful optimization for efficient API-driven automation.

Question 95.

Which Python mechanism allows a function to receive an unspecified number of positional arguments?

1. Dictionary unpacking
2. List slicing
3. *args
4. Lambda expression

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation:

The *args parameter allows a Python function to accept a variable number of positional arguments. Inside the function, these arguments are available as a tuple. This can be useful when developing reusable automation functions that may need to process a flexible number of inputs. For example, a utility function could accept multiple device identifiers or values without requiring a fixed number of parameters in its definition. Dictionary unpacking handles keyword-based collections, list slicing extracts portions of sequences, and lambda expressions define small anonymous functions. Understanding flexible function arguments can improve automation code reuse.

Question 96.

Which validation step checks whether an API response contains the expected fields?

1. Payload inspection
2. Interface negotiation
3. Packet forwarding
4. DNS resolution

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Payload inspection examines the returned API data to verify that expected fields, values, and structures are present. A successful HTTP status alone does not always guarantee that the response contains everything an automation workflow requires. For example, a script may need to confirm that an identifier, status property, or result object exists before continuing. This prevents later code from failing unexpectedly when data is missing or formatted differently. Interface negotiation, packet forwarding, and DNS resolution address networking functions rather than API response validation. Payload inspection is therefore an important defensive programming technique.

Question 97.

Which automation model continuously compares actual state with desired state?

1. Event logging
2. Intent-based management
3. Manual provisioning
4. Command scripting

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation:

Intent-based management focuses on expressing desired network outcomes and using automation to compare those objectives with the observed infrastructure state. The system can determine whether the network is aligned with the defined intent and, where supported, take corrective action when deviations occur. This approach emphasizes outcomes rather than requiring engineers to manually specify every individual command. Event logging records activities, manual provisioning depends on human operations, and command scripting focuses on explicit procedural instructions. Intent-based management is therefore closely associated with policy-driven and state-aware network automation.

Question 98.

Which Python module provides built-in support for structured application logging?

1. logging
2. random
3. decimal
4. calendar

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Python’s logging module provides a standard framework for recording application events at different severity levels. Automation programs can use logging to capture information such as workflow progress, API failures, device connection problems, validation results, and execution summaries. Structured logging makes troubleshooting easier because engineers can review what happened during an automation run without relying solely on terminal output. The random module generates pseudo-random values, decimal provides decimal arithmetic, and calendar supplies calendar-related functionality. Logging is therefore an important built-in capability for maintaining visibility into automation workflows.

Question 99.

Which automation technique safely tests a configuration change before applying it?

1. Dry-run execution
2. Forced deployment
3. Blind execution
4. Permanent commit

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Dry-run execution evaluates what an automation workflow would change without actually applying those changes when the platform or automation framework supports such behavior. This allows engineers to inspect proposed modifications, identify unexpected results, and verify targeting before making production changes. Dry runs are especially valuable for large-scale configuration operations because a small logic error can otherwise affect many devices simultaneously. Forced and blind execution bypass important safeguards, while permanent commit implies that changes are already being applied. A dry-run capability can therefore provide a useful validation stage in controlled automation workflows.

Question 100.

Which practice helps determine whether an automation workflow remains reliable over time?

1. Performance monitoring
2. Configuration deletion
3. Session termination
4. Address reassignment

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation:

Performance monitoring tracks how an automation workflow behaves during repeated execution over time. Useful measurements can include completion rates, execution duration, failure frequency, API response times, affected device counts, and resource consumption. Monitoring these characteristics helps engineers identify gradual degradation, recurring failures, or scaling problems that may not be visible during a single successful test. Configuration deletion, session termination, and address reassignment are specific operational actions rather than methods for evaluating automation reliability. Continuous monitoring therefore supports ongoing maintenance and helps ensure that automation remains dependable as infrastructure changes.