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Question 101

Which Aruba CX technology allows two switches to operate as a redundant pair while maintaining separate control planes?

1. VRRP
2. VSX
3. LACP
4. STP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

VSX is an Aruba CX technology designed to provide high availability between two switches while maintaining independent control planes. The switches can coordinate selected state information and provide resilient forwarding for connected devices. A VSX design commonly uses an inter-switch link and a keepalive mechanism to maintain peer awareness. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, LACP aggregates physical links, and STP prevents Layer 2 loops. VSX is particularly useful in aggregation and core environments where organizations need redundancy without depending on a single switch for forwarding services.

Question 102

Which protocol is used to dynamically learn routes within an enterprise Layer 3 network?

1. OSPF
2. LLDP
3. RADIUS
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

OSPF is a dynamic interior gateway routing protocol used to exchange routing information within an autonomous system. It builds a link-state database and calculates routes based on the topology information received from neighboring routers. OSPF can support multiple areas, allowing larger networks to use a hierarchical routing design. LLDP is a neighbor discovery protocol, RADIUS provides authentication and accounting, and NTP synchronizes device clocks. OSPF reduces the need for administrators to manually configure individual routes and can automatically adapt routing information when network topology changes.

Question 103

Which feature allows an Aruba CX switch to inspect DHCP traffic and build IP-to-MAC binding information?

1. VRRP
2. DHCP snooping
3. OSPF
4. LACP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

DHCP snooping allows the switch to inspect DHCP transactions and create binding information associating client IP addresses, MAC addresses, and switch interfaces. The feature can also distinguish trusted interfaces from untrusted interfaces, helping prevent unauthorized DHCP servers from responding to clients. Binding information can support other security mechanisms, including Dynamic ARP Protection. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, OSPF provides routing, and LACP manages link aggregation. DHCP snooping is therefore an important Layer 2 security feature in environments where administrators need to protect DHCP operations and validate address assignments.

Question 104

Which protocol provides gateway redundancy by using a virtual IP address shared between participating devices?

1. BGP
2. LLDP
3. VRRP
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

VRRP provides gateway redundancy by creating a virtual router represented by a virtual IP address. Hosts use this virtual address as their default gateway rather than depending on the physical address of one particular router or Layer 3 switch. If the active device becomes unavailable, another participating device can assume the forwarding role. BGP handles routing between autonomous systems, LLDP discovers directly connected devices, and NTP synchronizes clocks. VRRP is therefore useful for improving first-hop availability and reducing the impact of a failure affecting the primary default gateway.

Question 105

Which technology can combine several physical Ethernet connections into one logical interface?

1. LACP
2. RADIUS
3. DHCP
4. OSPF

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

LACP enables multiple physical Ethernet links to form a logical link aggregation group. This provides redundancy and can increase aggregate bandwidth between supported devices. The physical interfaces are treated as members of the logical aggregation, allowing traffic to be distributed according to the device’s load-balancing mechanism. RADIUS is used for authentication and accounting, DHCP provides network configuration, and OSPF exchanges routing information. LACP is commonly used for resilient connections between switches and for server connectivity where multiple physical interfaces are available.

Question 106

Which protocol provides encrypted remote CLI management for network devices?

1. SSH
2. TFTP
3. DHCP
4. SNMP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

SSH provides encrypted remote command-line access to network devices. It protects the management session by encrypting credentials, commands, and other information transmitted between the administrator and the switch. This makes SSH more secure than protocols such as Telnet that do not provide equivalent encryption. TFTP is a simple file-transfer protocol, DHCP provides IP configuration, and SNMP is primarily used for monitoring and management information. Secure SSH access should also be protected through strong authentication and appropriate management-plane access restrictions.

Question 107

Which protocol allows a switch to learn information about directly connected neighboring devices?

1. BGP
2. LLDP
3. OSPF
4. RADIUS

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

LLDP allows compatible network devices to advertise information about themselves to directly connected neighbors. Administrators can use LLDP information to identify connected devices, interface relationships, device capabilities, and other available details. This makes the protocol useful for network documentation, physical topology discovery, and troubleshooting. BGP and OSPF are routing protocols, while RADIUS provides authentication and accounting. LLDP is especially helpful when administrators need to determine which device is connected to a particular switch port or verify that physical cabling matches the intended network design.

Question 108

Which protocol is commonly used for centralized authentication and authorization of network users?

1. STP
2. LACP
3. RADIUS
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

RADIUS provides centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting services for network access. It is commonly integrated with 802.1X to authenticate users or devices connecting to wired or wireless networks. Centralized authentication makes account administration easier and allows consistent access policies to be applied across multiple network devices. STP provides Layer 2 loop prevention, LACP manages link aggregation, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. RADIUS can also provide accounting information, depending on the deployment, which can help administrators track authentication and access events.

Question 109

Which IPv4 protocol resolves a destination IP address to its corresponding MAC address on a local network?

1. NTP
2. ARP
3. BGP
4. LACP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

ARP is used by IPv4 devices to discover the MAC address associated with a known IPv4 address on the local network. A device can send an ARP request when it needs to communicate with a local destination but does not know the destination’s Ethernet address. The response provides the MAC address, which can then be used to construct the Ethernet frame. NTP synchronizes clocks, BGP exchanges routing information, and LACP manages link aggregation. ARP is therefore essential for IPv4 communication across Ethernet networks and is frequently examined during local connectivity troubleshooting.

Question 110

Which technology prevents forwarding loops when redundant Layer 2 links exist between switches?

1. RADIUS
2. STP
3. DHCP
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Spanning Tree Protocol prevents Layer 2 forwarding loops by creating a loop-free logical topology while allowing redundant physical links to remain available for recovery. Selected paths may be placed into a non-forwarding state so that frames do not continuously circulate around the network. Without loop prevention, redundant Ethernet connections can create broadcast storms, duplicate frames, and unstable MAC address tables. RADIUS provides authentication, DHCP provides IP configuration, and NTP synchronizes time. STP and its related variants are therefore fundamental to maintaining stability in redundant switched networks.

Question 111

Which Aruba CX feature can analyze switch telemetry to identify abnormal operational conditions?

1. NAE
2. VRRP
3. LACP
4. ARP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

The Network Analytics Engine, or NAE, provides analytics and monitoring capabilities on Aruba CX switches. It can use available switch information to identify operational conditions, anomalies, and other events that may require attention. This can help administrators detect issues proactively and reduce troubleshooting time. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, LACP manages link aggregation, and ARP performs IPv4 address resolution. NAE is particularly useful when administrators need more than basic interface counters and want automated or event-based analysis of network device behavior.

Question 112

Which protocol is used to synchronize clocks between network devices and a reliable time source?

1. NTP
2. OSPF
3. VRRP
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Network Time Protocol, or NTP, synchronizes device clocks with a reliable time source. Accurate and consistent time is important for logging, monitoring, troubleshooting, authentication, and security investigations. When multiple network devices use synchronized timestamps, administrators can correlate events more accurately across switches, routers, servers, and security systems. OSPF exchanges routing information, VRRP provides gateway redundancy, and LLDP discovers neighboring devices. Proper NTP configuration helps ensure that operational logs contain meaningful timestamps and that time-dependent services function as expected.

Question 113

Which feature can protect against unauthorized DHCP servers on a switched network?

1. DHCP snooping
2. OSPF
3. LACP
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

DHCP snooping helps protect a network against rogue DHCP servers by identifying trusted and untrusted interfaces. An interface connected to an authorized DHCP server is normally configured as trusted, while client-facing interfaces remain untrusted. Unauthorized DHCP server responses arriving through untrusted interfaces can then be blocked. DHCP snooping can also create IP-to-MAC binding information that supports other security features. OSPF provides routing, LACP provides link aggregation, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. DHCP snooping is therefore an important security control for Layer 2 access networks.

Question 114

Which protocol is designed for routing between different autonomous systems?

1. OSPF
2. BGP
3. STP
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

BGP is designed to exchange routing information between autonomous systems and is the primary protocol used for Internet routing. It supports policy-based route selection through attributes and can be used to control which routes are advertised and preferred. OSPF is normally used for routing within an autonomous system, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and LLDP discovers directly connected devices. BGP is commonly deployed by service providers and enterprises with multiple external routing relationships. Because routing policies can have broad effects, BGP configuration should be carefully planned and validated.

Question 115

Which mechanism allows DHCP clients on one subnet to communicate with a DHCP server located on another subnet?

1. DHCP relay
2. LACP
3. STP
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

DHCP relay forwards DHCP client requests between different IP subnets. Since DHCP discovery traffic is normally broadcast within the local network, routers do not simply forward it to another subnet. A relay agent receives the client request and forwards it toward the configured DHCP server. This allows organizations to centralize DHCP services while supporting clients across multiple VLANs and routed networks. LACP aggregates links, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. DHCP relay is therefore important in routed environments where the DHCP server is not located on the same subnet as the clients.

Question 116

Which feature can provide sampled traffic information for network monitoring and capacity analysis?

1. RADIUS
2. VRRP
3. sFlow
4. OSPF

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

sFlow provides sampled information about network traffic and interface activity. The collected information can be sent to a monitoring system for analysis of utilization, traffic sources, destinations, and protocols. Because sampling is used rather than capturing every packet, sFlow can provide useful visibility with lower overhead than complete packet capture. RADIUS handles authentication and accounting, VRRP provides gateway redundancy, and OSPF provides routing. sFlow is useful for identifying traffic trends, investigating congestion, monitoring network usage, and supporting capacity planning across large network environments.

Question 117

Which port configuration is normally used when a workstation belongs to one VLAN?

1. Trunk
2. Access
3. Loopback
4. Routed uplink

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

An access port is normally configured for an endpoint that belongs to a single VLAN. The switch associates the interface with the configured VLAN and typically sends frames toward the endpoint without VLAN tags. Trunk ports are designed to transport traffic for multiple VLANs and are commonly used between switches or other VLAN-aware devices. Loopback interfaces are logical interfaces, while routed uplinks provide Layer 3 connectivity. Proper access-port configuration is important for ensuring that the endpoint is placed into the correct security and broadcast domain.

Question 118

Which technology allows IPv6 hosts to configure addresses using router advertisements without requiring DHCPv4?

1. NAT
2. ARP
3. SLAAC
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

SLAAC, or Stateless Address Autoconfiguration, enables IPv6 hosts to configure their addresses using information provided through router advertisements. The host receives the network prefix and can generate an IPv6 address without using DHCPv4, which is an IPv4 protocol. DHCPv6 may still be used when centralized address management or additional configuration information is required. NAT is a translation mechanism, ARP is associated with IPv4 address resolution, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. SLAAC simplifies IPv6 deployment by allowing hosts to automatically configure addressing based on router-provided network information.

Question 119

Which routing principle causes a more-specific route to be selected over a broader route for the same destination?

1. Longest prefix match
2. Highest VLAN priority
3. Lowest MAC address
4. Shortest hostname

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Longest prefix matching means that a routing device selects the most specific route that matches the destination address. A route covering a smaller subnet is therefore preferred over a broader route when both match the same destination. This principle allows routing tables to contain general routes while also supporting specific paths for particular networks. Administrative distance and routing metrics can influence which route is installed when multiple routing sources provide the same destination prefix, but the forwarding lookup itself relies on the most specific matching prefix. Understanding this behavior is essential for troubleshooting routing decisions.

Question 120

Which feature is most appropriate for providing redundant connectivity from a downstream device to a VSX pair?

1. Single access link
2. Multi-chassis LAG using LACP
3. Static default route
4. NTP association

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A multi-chassis link aggregation design can provide redundant connectivity from a downstream device to both members of a VSX pair. Using LACP, the downstream device can form a logical aggregation across physical links connected to the two VSX peers. This allows both switches to participate in forwarding while reducing the impact of a single switch or link failure. A single access link creates a single point of failure, while static routes and NTP associations do not provide Layer 2 connection redundancy. Multi-chassis LAG is therefore an important design option for resilient Aruba CX architectures.