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Question 141

Which Aruba CX feature provides centralized cloud-based management, monitoring, and configuration of network devices?

1. RADIUS
2. NTP
3. Aruba Central
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Aruba Central provides cloud-based management and monitoring for supported Aruba networking devices. Administrators can use it to configure switches, monitor device health, review alerts, manage groups, and obtain visibility into network operations from a centralized interface. This can simplify management across distributed environments where many devices are deployed at different locations. RADIUS is primarily used for authentication and accounting, NTP provides time synchronization, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. Aruba Central can also provide centralized operational information that helps administrators identify configuration or connectivity problems across the managed infrastructure.

Question 142

Which protocol is commonly used to prevent Layer 2 switching loops in a redundant Ethernet topology?

1. STP
2. BGP
3. RADIUS
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Spanning Tree Protocol prevents Layer 2 loops by creating a loop-free logical topology from physically redundant connections. STP identifies redundant paths and places selected interfaces into a blocking or alternate state while maintaining them as potential backup paths. If the active forwarding path fails, STP can transition another path into forwarding operation. BGP is a routing protocol, RADIUS provides authentication services, and NTP synchronizes clocks. Proper STP configuration is especially important in networks containing redundant switch connections because uncontrolled Layer 2 loops can cause broadcast storms and significant network disruption.

Question 143

Which OSPF configuration parameter must match between neighboring interfaces for an adjacency to form correctly?

1. Switch hostname
2. Area ID
3. MAC address
4. VLAN description

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

OSPF neighbors must have compatible configuration parameters for an adjacency to form. The OSPF area associated with the connected interfaces is one important parameter that must match. If one interface is configured for one OSPF area while the neighboring interface uses another area on the same link, the devices will not establish the expected adjacency. Other OSPF parameters, such as timers, network type, and authentication settings where applicable, can also affect adjacency formation. Correctly matching OSPF configuration is essential when troubleshooting neighbors that remain stuck in an incomplete adjacency state.

Question 144

What is the primary purpose of an SVI on an Aruba CX switch?

1. Provide Layer 3 connectivity for a VLAN
2. Aggregate physical Ethernet interfaces
3. Synchronize device clocks
4. Authenticate wireless clients

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

A Switch Virtual Interface, or SVI, provides a logical Layer 3 interface associated with a VLAN. It can be assigned an IP address and used as the default gateway for hosts in that VLAN. SVIs allow an Aruba CX switch to perform inter-VLAN routing when the appropriate Layer 3 configuration is enabled. Physical interface aggregation is handled by technologies such as LACP, time synchronization is handled by NTP, and authentication can involve mechanisms such as 802.1X and RADIUS. SVIs are therefore fundamental to Layer 3 switching and VLAN gateway configurations.

Question 145

Which protocol is commonly used with 802.1X to provide centralized authentication services?

1. LLDP
2. RADIUS
3. LACP
4. OSPF

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

RADIUS is commonly used with 802.1X to provide centralized authentication and authorization. In a typical 802.1X deployment, the switch acts as the authenticator, the endpoint is the supplicant, and a RADIUS server processes the authentication request. Based on the result, the network can apply appropriate access policies. LLDP is used for neighbor discovery, LACP manages link aggregation, and OSPF exchanges routing information. Combining 802.1X with RADIUS allows organizations to centralize identity-based network access control instead of maintaining independent authentication information on individual switches.

Question 146

Which Aruba CX capability can automatically detect certain network events and generate alerts based on monitored conditions?

1. NAE
2. ARP
3. VRRP
4. STP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

The Aruba Network Analytics Engine, or NAE, can monitor switch conditions and analyze operational information to identify specific events or abnormal behavior. It can use agents and monitoring logic to help administrators detect problems without continuously reviewing every command output manually. Depending on the configuration, NAE can generate alerts when defined conditions occur. ARP resolves IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses, VRRP provides gateway redundancy, and STP prevents Layer 2 loops. NAE is particularly useful for proactive monitoring because it can help identify operational problems before they become more difficult to diagnose.

Question 147

Which technology combines multiple physical Ethernet links into one logical connection?

1. VRRP
2. DHCP snooping
3. LACP
4. OSPF

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

LACP is used to dynamically establish a Link Aggregation Group by combining multiple physical Ethernet interfaces into a logical connection. Link aggregation can provide redundancy and increased aggregate bandwidth while allowing the participating interfaces to operate as one logical link. LACP also helps devices determine whether connected interfaces are suitable members of the same aggregation group. VRRP provides gateway redundancy, DHCP snooping protects DHCP operations, and OSPF provides dynamic routing. LACP is widely used for switch-to-switch and switch-to-server connections where multiple physical links are desirable.

Question 148

Which IPv6 mechanism allows a host to learn network prefix information from routers?

1. DHCPv4
2. ARP
3. RADIUS
4. Router Advertisements

Correct Answer: 4

Explanation

IPv6 Router Advertisements provide hosts with important network information, including prefix information used for address configuration. They are part of the IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Protocol and can support Stateless Address Autoconfiguration. Hosts listen for Router Advertisements and use the advertised information according to the router’s configuration. DHCPv4 is designed for IPv4, ARP performs IPv4 address resolution, and RADIUS provides authentication services. Understanding Router Advertisements is important when troubleshooting IPv6 connectivity because incorrect or missing advertisements can prevent hosts from obtaining the expected IPv6 addressing information.

Question 149

Which command output would be most useful for verifying whether a switch interface is operationally up?

1. Interface status information
2. NTP server statistics
3. RADIUS accounting records
4. OSPF database details

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Interface status information provides direct visibility into whether a switch interface is administratively enabled and operationally up. It can also reveal useful details such as speed, duplex, VLAN assignment, and link state depending on the command used. NTP statistics are related to time synchronization, RADIUS records concern authentication activity, and the OSPF database contains routing topology information. When troubleshooting a physical or Layer 2 connectivity issue, administrators should first verify the interface state before investigating more advanced protocols. This helps identify simple link or administrative problems early in the troubleshooting process.

Question 150

Which route-selection concept determines that a more specific route is preferred over a less specific matching route?

1. Administrative shutdown
2. Longest prefix match
3. VLAN tagging
4. Port security

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Longest prefix match is the routing principle used when multiple routes match a destination address. The route with the most specific prefix is selected for forwarding. For example, a route for a small subnet can take precedence over a broader network route when both contain the destination address. This behavior allows routing tables to contain both general and specific forwarding information. Administrative distance and routing metrics are important in other parts of route selection, but longest prefix matching determines which matching prefix is most specific. Understanding this principle is essential when troubleshooting route-selection behavior.

Question 151

Which feature helps prevent unauthorized DHCP server responses from reaching clients?

1. DHCP snooping
2. BGP
3. NTP
4. LACP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

DHCP snooping helps protect a network against unauthorized or rogue DHCP servers. Interfaces can be classified as trusted or untrusted, allowing legitimate DHCP server traffic to be accepted through trusted interfaces while suspicious DHCP server responses received from untrusted interfaces can be blocked. DHCP snooping can also create binding information that other security features may use. BGP is a routing protocol, NTP synchronizes time, and LACP provides link aggregation. Properly configuring DHCP snooping is an important Layer 2 security measure in environments where unauthorized DHCP services could disrupt client network configuration.

Question 152

Which protocol is designed to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems?

1. OSPF
2. STP
3. BGP
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

BGP is designed to exchange routing information between autonomous systems. It is widely used on the Internet and can also be used by organizations that connect to multiple service providers or operate complex external routing environments. BGP uses attributes and policies to influence route advertisement and selection. OSPF is primarily an interior gateway protocol, STP prevents Layer 2 loops, and LLDP discovers directly connected neighbors. Because BGP can influence large-scale routing behavior, administrators should carefully design routing policies and verify advertisements to avoid unintended traffic paths.

Question 153

Which protocol is used to discover directly connected network devices without requiring IP connectivity?

1. NTP
2. LLDP
3. RADIUS
4. DHCP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

LLDP is a Layer 2 neighbor-discovery protocol that allows network devices to advertise information about themselves to directly connected neighbors. Because it operates at the data-link layer, IP connectivity is not required for the basic exchange of LLDP information. Administrators can use LLDP to identify neighboring devices, ports, and capabilities and to verify physical network topology. NTP handles time synchronization, RADIUS provides authentication and accounting, and DHCP provides IP configuration. LLDP is particularly valuable during installation and troubleshooting because it can reveal unexpected or incorrect physical connections.

Question 154

Which mechanism can provide gateway redundancy by using a virtual IP address shared by multiple routers or Layer 3 switches?

1. VRRP
2. sFlow
3. OSPF
4. LLDP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

VRRP provides first-hop gateway redundancy through a virtual router identity and virtual IP address. Multiple Layer 3 devices participate in the VRRP group, while one device normally performs the active forwarding role. If the active device becomes unavailable, another participating device can assume the forwarding role while hosts continue using the same virtual gateway address. This avoids requiring endpoint reconfiguration after a gateway failure. sFlow provides traffic sampling, OSPF provides dynamic routing, and LLDP provides neighbor discovery. VRRP is therefore useful for improving default-gateway availability in enterprise networks.

Question 155

Which technology can provide sampled traffic information for monitoring network utilization?

1. 802.1X
2. DHCP relay
3. sFlow
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

sFlow provides sampled information about network traffic and interface activity. Rather than requiring every packet to be captured and analyzed, sFlow uses sampling to provide visibility into traffic patterns while limiting monitoring overhead. Collected information can help administrators identify busy interfaces, major traffic sources, destinations, and protocol usage. 802.1X controls network access, DHCP relay forwards DHCP requests across Layer 3 boundaries, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. sFlow is useful for performance monitoring, capacity planning, troubleshooting, and understanding how traffic is distributed throughout an enterprise switching environment.

Question 156

Which port configuration is normally used to connect an endpoint that belongs to a single VLAN?

1. Trunk port
2. Access port
3. Routed uplink
4. VSX keepalive

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

An access port is normally assigned to a single VLAN and is commonly used to connect endpoints such as desktop computers, printers, cameras, or other devices that do not need to carry multiple tagged VLANs. The switch associates untagged incoming traffic with the configured access VLAN. A trunk port is intended to carry multiple VLANs, while a routed uplink provides Layer 3 connectivity and a VSX keepalive serves a specific redundancy function. Correct access-port configuration is important because an incorrect VLAN assignment can prevent an endpoint from reaching the intended network services.

Question 157

Which protocol is responsible for synchronizing clocks between network devices and a time source?

1. NTP
2. OSPF
3. LACP
4. STP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Network Time Protocol synchronizes clocks between network devices and configured time sources. Accurate time is important for log correlation, troubleshooting, monitoring, authentication, and security analysis. When network devices have synchronized clocks, administrators can more easily compare events occurring across different systems. OSPF exchanges routing information, LACP manages link aggregation, and STP prevents Layer 2 loops. NTP configuration typically includes one or more trusted time sources, and administrators should verify synchronization status rather than assuming that a configured server is automatically providing accurate time.

Question 158

Which feature can help protect against ARP spoofing by validating ARP packets against trusted bindings?

1. LACP
2. NTP
3. Dynamic ARP Protection
4. BGP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Dynamic ARP Protection helps defend against ARP spoofing by validating ARP traffic against trusted IP-to-MAC binding information. In many deployments, DHCP snooping provides the binding database used for this validation. If an ARP message does not match the expected binding information, the switch can take action according to the configured security policy. LACP manages link aggregation, NTP provides time synchronization, and BGP exchanges routing information. Dynamic ARP Protection is therefore useful as part of a layered Layer 2 security strategy designed to reduce the risk of malicious ARP manipulation.

Question 159

Which technology allows a downstream device to form one logical LAG across two Aruba CX switches operating as a VSX pair?

1. Multi-chassis LAG
2. Static routing
3. DHCP snooping
4. NTP

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Multi-chassis Link Aggregation allows a downstream device to establish a logical link aggregation group using physical connections to both members of an Aruba CX VSX pair. This design provides path redundancy because the downstream device is not dependent on only one physical switch. LACP can be used to dynamically manage the aggregated links. Static routing provides Layer 3 path selection, DHCP snooping protects DHCP operations, and NTP synchronizes clocks. Multi-chassis LAG is particularly useful in resilient data-center and campus designs where continuous connectivity is required even if one VSX peer or physical link becomes unavailable.

Question 160

Which protocol can forward DHCP client requests from one Layer 3 subnet toward a centralized DHCP server?

1. STP
2. DHCP relay
3. LLDP
4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

DHCP relay allows DHCP client requests to cross a Layer 3 boundary and reach a DHCP server located on another subnet. Without a relay function, DHCP broadcasts normally remain within the local Layer 2 broadcast domain and cannot directly reach a server on a different network. The relay receives the client request and forwards it toward the configured DHCP server. STP prevents switching loops, LLDP provides neighbor information, and VRRP provides gateway redundancy. DHCP relay is especially useful in enterprise networks where a centralized DHCP service provides address configuration for multiple VLANs and routed subnets.