View Full Huawei H12-811 V2.0 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Dumps

 

Question 81.

Which protocol is commonly used to dynamically prevent Layer 2 loops in Ethernet networks?

1. STP
   2. OSPF
   3. DHCP
   4. DNS

Correct Answer: 1. STP

Explanation:

Spanning Tree Protocol, or STP, prevents Layer 2 switching loops by creating a loop-free logical topology. It selects a root bridge and determines which redundant paths should forward traffic and which should remain blocked. Without STP, redundant Ethernet links can cause broadcast storms, duplicate frames, and MAC address table instability. STP allows networks to maintain physical redundancy while avoiding the negative effects of switching loops.

Question 82.

Which STP port on a non-root switch provides the best path toward the root bridge?

1. Designated port
   2. Root port
   3. Backup port
   4. Edge port

Correct Answer: 2. Root port

Explanation:

Each non-root STP switch selects one root port, which represents its best path toward the root bridge. The decision is based primarily on accumulated path cost, with additional tie-breakers used when necessary. The root bridge itself does not have a root port. Designated ports forward traffic for their network segments, while other redundant ports may be placed in non-forwarding states to prevent loops.

Question 83.

Which switch port role is selected to forward traffic for a particular STP network segment?

1. Root bridge port only
   2. Disabled port
   3. Designated port
   4. Console port

Correct Answer: 3. Designated port

Explanation:

An STP designated port is selected to forward traffic onto a particular network segment. Each segment has one designated port chosen according to the best path toward the root bridge and relevant STP tie-breakers. The root bridge normally has designated ports on its active segments. Redundant ports that are not selected for forwarding can remain blocked or in another non-forwarding role.

Question 84.

Which STP value can an administrator change to influence which switch becomes the root bridge?

1. Interface IP address
   2. DHCP lease time
   3. DNS server address
   4. Bridge priority**

Correct Answer: 4. Bridge priority

Explanation:

STP root bridge election is based on the bridge ID, which includes bridge priority and MAC-address-related information. Lower bridge IDs are preferred. By configuring a lower bridge priority, an administrator can make a particular switch more likely to become the root bridge. Deliberate root placement is useful because it helps create predictable Layer 2 traffic paths and improves network design.

Question 85.

Which Huawei spanning-tree protocol improves convergence compared with traditional STP and is based on IEEE 802.1w?

1. RSTP
   2. RIP
   3. VRRP
   4. LACP

Correct Answer: 1. RSTP

Explanation:

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol, or RSTP, improves convergence compared with traditional STP and is defined by IEEE 802.1w. It introduces faster port-state transitions and additional port roles that help networks recover more quickly from topology changes. RSTP remains focused on creating a loop-free Layer 2 topology, while protocols such as RIP, VRRP, and LACP serve different networking purposes.

Question 86.

Which protocol can provide default-gateway redundancy by allowing multiple routers to present a shared virtual IP address?

1. OSPF
   2. VRRP
   3. LLDP
   4. ARP only

Correct Answer: 2. VRRP

Explanation:

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol, or VRRP, allows multiple routers to cooperate so hosts can use a shared virtual IP address as their default gateway. One router operates as the master while another can take over if the master fails. This improves gateway availability without requiring hosts to change their configuration. VRRP is commonly deployed where continuous default-gateway access is important.

Question 87.

In VRRP, which router normally forwards traffic for the virtual IP address during normal operation?

1. Backup router only
   2. Designated switch
   3. Master router
   4. Root bridge

Correct Answer: 3. Master router

Explanation:

The VRRP master router normally owns responsibility for forwarding traffic associated with the virtual IP address. Backup routers monitor the master and can take over if it becomes unavailable. VRRP therefore provides gateway redundancy to end hosts. The master is selected based on VRRP priority and related election rules, while STP root bridges and designated switches are unrelated concepts.

Question 88.

Which VRRP parameter is commonly used to influence which router becomes the master?

1. OSPF cost
   2. VLAN tag
   3. MAC aging time
   4. Priority**

Correct Answer: 4. Priority

Explanation:

VRRP uses priority to influence master election. A router with a higher VRRP priority is generally preferred as master, subject to the protocol’s election rules. Administrators can configure priorities to ensure the preferred gateway device normally handles forwarding. If the master fails, a backup router can assume the role and continue providing service through the virtual gateway address.

Question 89.

Which wireless LAN standard family is defined by IEEE 802.11?

1. Wi-Fi
   2. Ethernet
   3. VLAN tagging
   4. Link aggregation

Correct Answer: 1. Wi-Fi

Explanation:

IEEE 802.11 defines wireless LAN technologies commonly referred to as Wi-Fi. The family includes multiple amendments and generations that support different frequencies, modulation methods, channel widths, and data rates. Ethernet is primarily associated with IEEE 802.3, VLAN tagging with IEEE 802.1Q, and link aggregation with IEEE 802.1AX. Wi-Fi allows compatible clients to connect to a LAN through wireless access points.

Question 90.

Which identifier is used to represent the name of a wireless LAN that users see when selecting a Wi-Fi network?

1. BSSID only
   2. SSID
   3. VLAN priority
   4. Router ID

Correct Answer: 2. SSID

Explanation:

The Service Set Identifier, or SSID, is the logical name of a wireless network. Users commonly see SSIDs when scanning for available Wi-Fi networks. A BSSID typically identifies a specific access point radio or basic service set using a MAC-address-like value. The same SSID can be presented by multiple access points to support roaming within a larger wireless network.

Question 91.

Which wireless LAN device provides radio connectivity between Wi-Fi clients and a wired network?

1. Router only
   2. Modem
   3. Access point
   4. UPS

Correct Answer: 3. Access point

Explanation:

A wireless access point provides Wi-Fi connectivity and bridges wireless client traffic into the wired LAN. Enterprise networks may deploy multiple access points managed centrally to provide wider coverage and roaming. Although consumer routers often include access-point functionality, the access point itself is specifically responsible for wireless radio connectivity to client devices.

Question 92.

Which wireless security protocol is generally stronger than older WPA and WEP technologies?

1. WEP
   2. Open authentication
   3. WPA
   4. WPA2**

Correct Answer: 4. WPA2

Explanation:

WPA2 provides significantly stronger wireless security than WEP and the original WPA when correctly configured. It commonly uses AES-based CCMP encryption. WEP is considered insecure because of major cryptographic weaknesses, and open wireless networks provide no comparable link-layer confidentiality. Newer environments may support WPA3, but WPA2 remains widely encountered in enterprise and certification networking concepts.

Question 93.

Which wireless frequency band generally provides longer range through obstacles but is more prone to congestion?

1. 2.4 GHz
   2. 5 GHz only
   3. 60 GHz
   4. Optical infrared

Correct Answer: 1. 2.4 GHz

Explanation:

The 2.4 GHz band generally provides better propagation through walls and over distance than higher-frequency Wi-Fi bands, but it is also heavily used by many wireless and non-Wi-Fi devices. This can create congestion and interference. The 5 GHz band often provides more channel options and higher performance at shorter ranges, depending on device support and environmental conditions.

Question 94.

Which networking protocol is used to synchronize clocks between devices on an IP network?

1. SNMP
   2. NTP
   3. FTP
   4. ARP

Correct Answer: 2. NTP

Explanation:

Network Time Protocol, or NTP, synchronizes device clocks across IP networks. Accurate time is important for event logs, authentication, security investigations, monitoring, and coordinated network operations. SNMP is used for management and monitoring, FTP transfers files, and ARP performs local IPv4 address resolution. Network devices should generally use reliable time sources so timestamps remain consistent.

Question 95.

Which network management protocol commonly uses a manager and agents to retrieve information from network devices?

1. DNS
   2. DHCP
   3. SNMP
   4. STP

Correct Answer: 3. SNMP

Explanation:

SNMP uses a management system and agents running on managed devices. The manager can retrieve information such as interface counters, CPU utilization, errors, and device status. Agents may also send unsolicited notifications such as traps. DNS, DHCP, and STP have different networking roles. SNMP is widely used in network monitoring platforms to provide visibility into device health and performance.

Question 96.

Which protocol allows a device to transfer files using a simple UDP-based mechanism and is often used for lightweight network boot or configuration transfers?

1. HTTPS
   2. SSH
   3. SMTP
   4. TFTP**

Correct Answer: 4. TFTP

Explanation:

Trivial File Transfer Protocol, or TFTP, is a simple file-transfer protocol that uses UDP and provides minimal functionality. It is commonly used in controlled environments for transferring configuration files, firmware, or boot images. TFTP does not provide the authentication or encryption associated with more secure alternatives, so it should not be used for sensitive transfers across untrusted networks.

Question 97.

Which Huawei VRP command displays the current configuration running on the device?

1. display current-configuration
   2. show running-config
   3. display startup
   4. show configuration active

Correct Answer: 1. display current-configuration

Explanation:

The display current-configuration command shows the currently active configuration on a Huawei VRP device. This is useful for verifying settings, troubleshooting, and documenting the device. The command can display interface, routing, security, VLAN, and other configuration sections. Huawei uses display commands rather than the show syntax commonly associated with some other vendors.

Question 98.

Which Huawei VRP command is commonly used to view interface operational information?

1. display route
   2. display interface
   3. display dns
   4. display user-interface only

Correct Answer: 2. display interface

Explanation:

The display interface command provides detailed operational information about network interfaces, including status, traffic statistics, errors, and other interface-specific parameters. Administrators can use it when troubleshooting physical or data-link connectivity. More concise information can often be obtained with related brief display commands, but detailed interface output is useful when investigating errors or unexpected traffic behavior.

Question 99.

Which Huawei VRP command is used to return from the current configuration view to the previous view?

1. exit-all
   2. back
   3. quit
   4. return-only

Correct Answer: 3. quit

Explanation:

The quit command moves the administrator back one level in the Huawei VRP command hierarchy. For example, it can be used to leave an interface view and return to system view. Huawei VRP uses different command views for system-wide, interface, routing, and protocol configuration. Understanding how to move between these views is fundamental to efficient command-line administration.

Question 100.

A Huawei router has a directly connected route and a static route to the same destination prefix. Which factor is normally considered when choosing between routes to the identical prefix?

1. Destination MAC address
   2. VLAN name
   3. DNS preference
   4. Route preference and metric**

Correct Answer: 4. Route preference and metric

Explanation:

When multiple routes exist for the same destination prefix, Huawei routers consider route preference and then additional metrics according to routing rules. A lower preference value generally indicates a more preferred route in Huawei VRP. Longest-prefix matching is evaluated first when prefix lengths differ, but for identical prefixes the route source preference and metric become important. Understanding this distinction helps explain why one route is installed in the routing table while another may remain inactive.