View Full Juniper JN0-364  Exam Dumps and Practice Test Dumps

Question: 181. Which Junos command displays detailed information about an interface, including statistics and operational details?

1. show interfaces
   2. show route
   3. show bgp summary
   4. show system uptime

Correct Answer: 1. show interfaces

Explanation:

The show interfaces command provides detailed information about Junos interfaces, including administrative and operational status, traffic statistics, errors, physical characteristics, and protocol information. It is commonly used when troubleshooting interface connectivity or performance problems. The terse version provides a compact summary, while the standard command provides substantially more operational detail. The other commands focus on routing, BGP sessions, or system uptime rather than interface-level diagnostics.

Question: 182. Which BGP attribute is used to indicate how a route entered the BGP routing domain?

1. NEXT_HOP
   2. MED
   3. Origin
   4. Local Preference

Correct Answer: 3. Origin

Explanation:

The BGP Origin attribute identifies the origin type of a route and is considered during BGP path selection. Common origin values include IGP, EGP, and Incomplete. When this attribute is reached in the path-selection process, IGP origin is generally preferred over EGP, while EGP is preferred over Incomplete. Origin is separate from AS_PATH, which records autonomous systems traversed, and Local Preference, which is used to influence outbound routing decisions within an autonomous system.

Question: 183. Which OSPF mechanism allows routers to discover neighbors and verify that they remain reachable?

1. Hello protocol
   2. Route reflector
   3. LACP
   4. AS_PATH

Correct Answer: 1. Hello protocol

Explanation:

OSPF Hello packets are exchanged between neighboring routers to discover and maintain OSPF neighbor relationships. They carry parameters such as the router ID, area information, Hello interval, and dead interval. Compatible settings are required for an adjacency to form correctly. Regular Hello exchanges also allow routers to detect when a neighbor stops responding. The other choices belong to different technologies: route reflectors are associated with BGP, LACP manages link aggregation, and AS_PATH is a BGP attribute.

Question: 184. Which IPv4 address is used as the limited broadcast address?

1. 0.0.0.0
   2. 127.0.0.1
   3. 255.255.255.255
   4. 224.0.0.1

Correct Answer: 3. 255.255.255.255

Explanation:

The IPv4 address 255.255.255.255 is the limited broadcast address. A packet sent to this address is intended for all IPv4 hosts on the local broadcast domain and is not routed by IPv4 routers. 0.0.0.0 has several special uses, including representing an unspecified address and the destination of the default route when combined with a /0 prefix. 127.0.0.1 is the IPv4 loopback address, while 224.0.0.1 is an IPv4 multicast address.

Question: 185. Which Junos feature can preserve routing protocol state across a Routing Engine switchover?

1. LACP
   2. NSR
   3. VRRP
   4. GRE

Correct Answer: 2. NSR

Explanation:

Nonstop Active Routing, or NSR, is designed to maintain routing protocol state across a Routing Engine switchover. By preserving relevant control-plane protocol state, NSR can reduce the disruption that would otherwise occur when control shifts between redundant Routing Engines. NSR is different from GRES, which focuses primarily on maintaining forwarding continuity during the switchover. LACP, VRRP, and GRE provide link aggregation, gateway redundancy, and tunneling functions respectively.

Question: 186. Which OSPF LSA type is originated by each OSPF router to describe its own links within an area?

1. Type 1
   2. Type 3
   3. Type 5
   4. Type 2

Correct Answer: 1. Type 1

Explanation:

OSPF Type 1 Router LSAs are originated by individual OSPF routers and describe their links, interfaces, and associated OSPF information within an area. These LSAs form a fundamental part of the link-state database and allow routers to construct a topology view for SPF calculations. Type 2 Network LSAs are originated by the DR on multi-access networks, Type 3 Summary LSAs are generated by ABRs for inter-area routing, and Type 5 LSAs advertise external routes.

Question: 187. Which BGP attribute can be used to communicate a preference for one external entry point over another?

1. MED
   2. Origin
   3. Local Preference
   4. Community

Correct Answer: 1. MED

Explanation:

The Multi-Exit Discriminator, or MED, can be used to communicate a preference for how traffic should enter an autonomous system when multiple connections exist between the same neighboring autonomous systems. A lower MED is generally preferred when the relevant comparison is made. MED is therefore commonly associated with influencing inbound traffic. Local Preference has a different role and is primarily used within an autonomous system to influence outbound exit selection.

Question: 188. Which Junos command displays the active route for a specific destination prefix?

1. show route <prefix>
   2. show interfaces terse
   3. show chassis hardware
   4. show system alarms

Correct Answer: 1. show route <prefix>

Explanation:

The show route <prefix> command can be used to examine routing information for a specific destination prefix. It helps administrators determine whether a route exists, which protocol supplied it, whether it is active, and what next-hop information is associated with it. The command can be extended with options such as detail for more comprehensive information. Interface, chassis, and system-alarm commands provide information about different areas of the Junos device.

Question: 189. Which protocol is used by IS-IS to exchange link-state information?

1. BGP
   2. IS-IS itself using link-state PDUs
   3. DHCP
   4. VRRP

Correct Answer: 2. IS-IS itself using link-state PDUs

Explanation:

IS-IS exchanges routing information using Link State PDUs, commonly called LSPs. Routers use these protocol data units to build a link-state database and calculate paths through the topology. IS-IS does not depend on TCP or UDP for its routing-protocol exchanges. It is an interior gateway protocol with Level 1 and Level 2 hierarchy, allowing networks to be organized into areas while maintaining scalable routing information.

Question: 190. What does a BGP route reflector primarily reduce in a large iBGP network?

1. The need for a full mesh of iBGP sessions
   2. The number of Ethernet VLANs
   3. The IPv6 address size
   4. The OSPF SPF calculation time

Correct Answer: 1. The need for a full mesh of iBGP sessions

Explanation:

A route reflector reduces the requirement for every iBGP router to establish a direct session with every other iBGP router. Instead, route-reflector clients exchange routes through designated route reflectors. This makes iBGP deployments more scalable because the number of required sessions can be significantly reduced. Route reflection is a BGP control-plane feature and does not change IPv6 address size, reduce VLAN counts, or directly optimize OSPF SPF calculations.

Question: 191. Which IPv6 prefix is used for multicast addresses?

1. 2000::/3
   2. FE80::/10
   3. FF00::/8
   4. FC00::/7

Correct Answer: 3. FF00::/8

Explanation:

IPv6 multicast addresses use the FF00::/8 prefix. Multicast allows traffic to be delivered to a group of interested interfaces rather than to one specific destination. IPv6 relies extensively on multicast for functions such as Neighbor Discovery because IPv6 does not use traditional broadcast addressing. FE80::/10 is reserved for link-local addresses, FC00::/7 is used for unique local addresses, and 2000::/3 covers a major portion of global unicast addressing.

Question: 192. Which Junos command is commonly used to inspect the current candidate configuration changes before committing?

1. show route
   2. show | compare
   3. show bgp summary
   4. show system uptime

Correct Answer: 2. show | compare

Explanation:

The show | compare command is used in Junos configuration mode to compare the candidate configuration with the committed configuration. It displays additions, deletions, and modifications that are currently staged in the candidate configuration. This provides a useful opportunity to review changes before executing a commit. The command is particularly valuable when making several configuration changes because it helps identify unintended modifications before they become active.

Question: 193. Which BGP attribute is normally used to determine the preferred exit point from an autonomous system?

1. Local Preference
   2. MED
   3. NEXT_HOP
   4. Origin

Correct Answer: 1. Local Preference

Explanation:

Local Preference is used within an autonomous system to influence the preferred outbound exit point for traffic. When multiple eligible BGP routes to the same destination are available, a higher Local Preference is generally preferred. Because Local Preference is propagated through iBGP, administrators can apply consistent exit-point preferences across multiple routers. MED is generally associated with influencing inbound traffic from a neighboring autonomous system, while NEXT_HOP and Origin have different roles.

Question: 194. What is the main purpose of the OSPF Backup Designated Router (BDR)?

1. To act as a backup for the Designated Router
   2. To provide the default Internet route
   3. To replace all OSPF Area Border Routers
   4. To perform BGP route reflection

Correct Answer: 1. To act as a backup for the Designated Router

Explanation:

On broadcast multi-access networks, OSPF elects both a Designated Router and a Backup Designated Router. The BDR maintains the necessary relationships and is prepared to assume the DR role if the current DR fails. This helps avoid the need for a new full adjacency structure to be built from scratch after a DR failure. The BDR is an OSPF-specific redundancy mechanism and is not responsible for Internet gateway service, BGP route reflection, or replacing ABRs.

Question: 195. Which Junos command provides information about the physical and logical status of interfaces in a concise format?

1. show interfaces terse
   2. show ospf database
   3. show route protocol bgp
   4. show chassis hardware

Correct Answer: 1. show interfaces terse

Explanation:

The show interfaces terse command provides a compact overview of interface status and addressing information. It is useful for quickly determining whether interfaces are administratively enabled and operationally up. Administrators commonly use it as an initial diagnostic command before examining more detailed interface statistics or protocol-specific information. show interfaces can then be used when more detailed operational information is required.

Question: 196. Which BGP community is commonly used to prevent a route from being advertised outside the local autonomous system?

1. no-advertise
   2. internet
   3. no-export
   4. standard

Correct Answer: 3. no-export

Explanation:

The no-export community indicates that a route should not be advertised to eBGP peers outside the local autonomous system. This allows the route to remain available within the local BGP environment while limiting its external propagation. The no-advertise community is more restrictive because it prevents advertisement to BGP peers altogether. BGP communities are commonly used with routing policies to control how routes are propagated and treated throughout a network.

Question: 197. Which routing protocol is classified as an exterior gateway protocol?

1. OSPF
   2. RIP
   3. IS-IS
   4. BGP

Correct Answer: 4. BGP

Explanation:

BGP is classified as an exterior gateway protocol because it is designed to exchange routing information between autonomous systems. It is the primary routing protocol used for inter-domain Internet routing and supports extensive policy-based path selection. OSPF, RIP, and IS-IS are interior gateway protocols designed primarily for routing within an autonomous system. Understanding the distinction between interior and exterior gateway protocols is fundamental to network design and troubleshooting.

Question: 198. Which Junos command can display routes learned specifically through OSPF?

1. show route protocol ospf
   2. show system alarms
   3. show chassis hardware
   4. show ethernet-switching table

Correct Answer: 1. show route protocol ospf

Explanation:

The show route protocol ospf command filters routing information to show routes associated with OSPF. This is useful when verifying whether OSPF is successfully learning and installing expected routes. It can also help distinguish OSPF routes from routes supplied by BGP, static configuration, or other protocols. If a network is missing from the routing table, examining protocol-specific routes can help determine whether the routing protocol learned the prefix and whether the route was installed.

Question: 199. Which IPv4 routing principle causes a /24 route to be preferred over a /16 route when both match the destination?

1. Highest MED
   2. Longest-prefix match
   3. Lowest MAC address
   4. Highest AS number

Correct Answer: 2. Longest-prefix match

Explanation:

Longest-prefix matching means that the most specific route matching a destination is selected for forwarding. A /24 prefix contains more specific information than a /16 prefix, so a destination matching both will normally use the /24 route. This principle is fundamental to IP forwarding and allows routing tables to contain broad summary routes alongside more-specific exceptions. BGP attributes and route preferences affect route selection in other contexts, but forwarding still relies on the most specific matching destination prefix.

Question: 200. Which Junos command is commonly used to verify whether a device has active system alarms?

1. show route
   2. show system alarms
   3. show ospf neighbor
   4. show bgp summary

Correct Answer: 2. show system alarms

Explanation:

The show system alarms command displays active alarms reported by the Junos device. These alarms can identify hardware, environmental, or other system-level conditions that may require investigation. Checking this information is useful during troubleshooting because system alarms can provide clues about problems that are not directly visible from routing-protocol output. Commands such as show ospf neighbor and show bgp summary are focused on routing protocol state rather than platform alarms.