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Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) 200-301 Practice Test 54

Question 530

Forty internal hosts share one public IPv4 address and initiate many outbound TCP sessions. Which NAT function makes that many-to-one mapping possible?

  1. Assign the same inside-local IPv4 address to all forty hosts.
  2. PAT or NAT overload distinguishes concurrent flows with translated transport-layer ports.
  3. Use only one-to-one static NAT with no port translation for all forty hosts.
  4. Turn off NAT while assuming Internet routers will return RFC1918 destinations.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Many inside-local clients can share an inside-global address when different port mappings keep sessions distinct. Without port translation a simple one-to-one model is insufficient.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Duplicate private IP addresses produce conflicts and are not how PAT multiplexes flows.

C:

A single static address mapping cannot simultaneously identify forty distinct source hosts without additional translation design.

D:

Private RFC1918 addresses generally are not globally routed over the public Internet.

Question 531

An internal HTTPS server 10.2.2.5 is mapped one-to-one to outside IP 203.0.113.55. External clients can reach the server but inside clients must retain source address 10.2.2.5 for internal traffic. Which NAT design fits?

  1. A global default route pointing to the server itself.
  2. A static inside-source NAT mapping plus correct interface NAT direction, leaving internal-to-internal forwarding untranslated.
  3. A port-security sticky MAC record for the server.
  4. Use a dynamic PAT rule only and assume outside clients can initiate connections to the same inside server without a static mapping.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Static NAT defines the externally visible mapping for the server. Appropriate inside/outside roles confine this translation to relevant boundary traffic.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A default route forwards traffic and does not create the public-to-private address translation.

C:

Switch port-security controls learned Ethernet MAC addresses, not routed NAT address mappings.

D:

Outbound PAT alone normally does not provide the fixed inbound address mapping external HTTPS clients require.

Question 532

At a factory, a network operations engineer must verify that live inside-source NAT changed source 10.54.1.178 to a global address such as 203.0.113.65. Which IOS observation is most direct?

  1. Inspect only the SSH login banner to verify address rewrite.
  2. Use show mac address-table as proof of NAT translations on the router.
  3. Check show ip nat translations for entries mapping 10.54.1.178 to the intended global pool or 203.0.113.65.
  4. Use show spanning-tree as the direct NAT table.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

show ip nat translations displays the active inside-local/inside-global mappings, allowing verification that 10.54.1.178 translated into the configured global space.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A management login banner does not expose dynamic NAT mapping operation.

B:

An Ethernet MAC table records Layer 2 forwarding, not IPv4 NAT mappings.

D:

Spanning tree shows Layer 2 bridge roles, not routed packet address translation.

Question 533

An office needs 200 internal IPv4 users to share the external GigabitEthernet0/0 address when accessing the Internet. Which NAT rule pattern is appropriate after marking inside/outside interfaces and defining matching source ACL 5?

  1. ip nat inside source list 5 interface GigabitEthernet0/0 overload
  2. ip nat inside source list 5 interface GigabitEthernet0/0
  3. ip nat outside source list 5 interface GigabitEthernet0/0 overload
  4. ip nat inside source static 10.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The interface form uses the WAN interface address as inside-global, and overload uses distinct ports to multiplex concurrent hosts.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Without overload this does not provide the same concurrent many-to-one port multiplexing for many inside clients.

C:

Outside-source translation targets a different direction and does not implement the requested inside-user PAT.

D:

A one-host static translation does not match ACL 5 and the requirement for many inside users to share one global address.

Question 534

An inside host is 10.0.1.15 and NAT translates its source to 203.0.113.10 for outbound traffic. Which term refers to 203.0.113.10 in Cisco NAT vocabulary?

  1. Inside local address.
  2. Outside local address of the Internet server.
  3. Outside global address of the WAN router.
  4. Inside global address.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The inside global is the translated public-facing representation of the inside host; the original private host address is the inside local.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The inside local in this example is 10.0.1.15 before translation.

B:

203.0.113.10 represents the inside host after NAT, not the destination server as perceived internally.

C:

The term outside global concerns a destination host’s externally known address, not the translated inside host source.

Question 535

A live NAT overload session maps 10.1.4.20:51510 to 203.0.113.8:40012. Which observation would directly verify the translation exists on the IOS router?

  1. A current show ip nat translations entry containing both source addresses and ports for the session.
  2. Only show vlan brief from an access switch.
  3. Only the running-config hostname of the NAT router.
  4. Inspect only `show ip nat statistics` totals and assume that proves the particular inside-to-outside port mapping.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The translation table records inside-local and inside-global address/port pairs. Inspect the active flow rather than assuming a configured NAT statement proves live translation.

Incorrect Answers

B:

VLAN membership cannot reveal the router’s translated Layer 3/4 address-port binding.

C:

The device name provides no evidence of a live port translation.

D:

Aggregate counts can show NAT activity but do not prove the specific source IP and port pair; inspect `show ip nat translations`.

Question 536

At a customer support center, the branch support lead must verify that live inside-source NAT changed source 10.173.1.181 to a global address such as 203.0.113.35. Which IOS observation is most direct?

  1. Inspect only the SSH login banner to verify address rewrite.
  2. Use show spanning-tree as the direct NAT table.
  3. Use show mac address-table as proof of NAT translations on the router.
  4. Check show ip nat translations for entries mapping 10.173.1.181 to the intended global pool or 203.0.113.35.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

show ip nat translations displays the active inside-local/inside-global mappings, allowing verification that 10.173.1.181 translated into the configured global space.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A management login banner does not expose dynamic NAT mapping operation.

B:

Spanning tree shows Layer 2 bridge roles, not routed packet address translation.

C:

An Ethernet MAC table records Layer 2 forwarding, not IPv4 NAT mappings.

Question 537

At a municipal utility, the campus network lead must make its branch router set its clock using a designated upstream time source. Which choice best addresses the stated requirement?

  1. Set switchport mode trunk as the time server.
  2. Configure ntp master on every branch and assume external synchronization.
  3. Set the router clock manually once and treat that as continuing NTP synchronization.
  4. Configure ntp server with the upstream time-server address.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The IOS NTP client can synchronize to a configured server and expose association/sync status.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Trunking does not define an NTP source.

B:

ntp master can make the device act as a local reference but does not establish the requested upstream client association.

C:

A manually set clock does not provide periodic correction from an upstream NTP source.

Question 538

At a supply depot, a network operations engineer must verify that its NTP client actually synchronized rather than merely accepting configuration syntax. Which choice best addresses the stated requirement?

  1. Look only for the configured ntp server line in running-config.
  2. Assume a successful HTTP request guarantees the router clock synchronized.
  3. Inspect show ntp associations and show ntp status for synchronization state.
  4. Use show vlan brief as the NTP synchronization indicator.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

NTP operational commands display selected peers and clock discipline rather than just stored configuration.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A command present does not prove the server was reached or selected.

B:

HTTP reachability is not equivalent to NTP clock discipline.

D:

VLAN membership is unrelated to NTP association state.

Question 539

At an airport terminal, a network administrator needs a local fallback time reference when upstream servers are unavailable in an isolated test facility. Which choice best addresses the stated requirement?

  1. Use ntp server pointing at a nonexistent address as a reliable source.
  2. Use switchport trunk allowed vlan to set the current time.
  3. Disable NTP on all devices to create one shared time source.
  4. Use an appropriate local NTP master configuration with a documented stratum and limitations.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

An NTP master can provide local time to clients, but it is not an independent accurate external clock.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An unreachable upstream cannot supply synchronized time.

B:

VLAN allowance does not create a clock reference.

C:

Clock synchronization stops when NTP is disabled.

Question 540

At a manufacturing plant, the infrastructure lead has two routers with different timestamps in syslog records and needs stable troubleshooting correlation. Which choice best addresses the stated requirement?

  1. Configure an accessible common NTP reference and confirm both devices are synchronized.
  2. Set only the same interface description on both routers.
  3. Increase DHCP lease times to synchronize syslog timestamps.
  4. Delete syslog to avoid timestamp comparisons.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Consistent time improves timestamp ordering across logs; both devices must actually discipline their clocks.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Descriptions cannot synchronize clocks.

C:

DHCP lease durations do not establish NTP sync.

D:

Removing logs destroys forensic evidence instead of fixing clocks.

Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) (200-301) Practice Tests

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