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Question 161

Which CUCM feature determines the collection of partitions that a device is permitted to search?

1. Device Pool
2. Region
3. Calling Search Space
4. Route Group

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

A Calling Search Space determines which partitions a device, line, or user can search when processing calls in Cisco Unified Communications Manager. Partitions contain directory numbers, route patterns, translation patterns, and other destinations, while the CSS determines which of those destinations are accessible. This mechanism is commonly used to implement calling restrictions and different classes of service. If a user cannot reach a particular destination, administrators should verify the caller’s CSS and confirm that the target partition is included. Device pools provide shared endpoint configuration, regions influence codec and bandwidth behavior, and route groups organize gateways.

Question 162

Which SIP method is used to terminate an established call session?

1. BYE
2. INVITE
3. REGISTER
4. OPTIONS

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

The SIP BYE method is used to terminate an established SIP session. Either endpoint can send a BYE when the conversation is finished or when the session must be terminated. INVITE is used to establish or modify sessions, REGISTER is used by endpoints to register their contact information, and OPTIONS can be used to query capabilities or availability. When troubleshooting unexpected call disconnects, administrators should inspect the SIP signaling exchange to determine which endpoint sent the BYE and what occurred immediately before termination. This can help distinguish normal call clearing from failures caused by network conditions, timers, routing, or application behavior.

Question 163

Which CUCM object logically groups multiple gateways for call-routing purposes?

1. Route Pattern
2. Route Group
3. Partition
4. Device Pool

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A Route Group logically groups gateways so that CUCM can use them as a routing resource. Multiple gateways can be included in a route group, providing flexibility and redundancy for outbound calls. Route lists can reference route groups and establish an ordered routing strategy. Route patterns define digit-matching rules, partitions organize dial-plan destinations, and device pools provide shared endpoint configuration. If an outbound call does not use the expected gateway, administrators should verify route-pattern matching, route-list configuration, route-group membership, gateway status, and digit manipulation. Proper route-group design helps simplify gateway administration and provides alternate routing options when multiple gateways are available.

Question 164

Which protocol provides encryption for real-time voice and video media?

1. SIP
2. NTP
3. TLS
4. SRTP

Correct Answer: 4

Explanation

Secure Real-time Transport Protocol, or SRTP, provides security for real-time voice and video media. It adds encryption and integrity protection to RTP traffic, helping protect media from unauthorized interception or modification. SIP provides signaling, NTP provides time synchronization, and TLS is commonly used to secure signaling connections. Secure media requires compatible endpoints and successful security negotiation. When troubleshooting an encrypted call, administrators should verify endpoint capabilities, security profiles, media negotiation, and the RTP path. It is important to distinguish SRTP from TLS because TLS protects signaling while SRTP protects the actual audio and video packets exchanged during the communication session.

Question 165

Which CUCM configuration provides common settings such as region, CUCM Group, and SRST reference to multiple devices?

1. Device Pool
2. Partition
3. Route List
4. Media Resource Group

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

A Device Pool provides a common set of configuration settings to multiple devices in CUCM. Depending on the deployment, these settings can include a CUCM Group, region, date/time group, SRST reference, and other device-related parameters. Device pools simplify administration by allowing endpoints with similar requirements to share consistent configuration. Partitions organize dial-plan destinations, route lists provide gateway-routing paths, and media resource groups organize media resources. When multiple phones at a site exhibit the same registration, codec, or failover behavior, administrators should check whether they share a device pool and whether its settings are appropriate for that location.

Question 166

Which protocol is responsible for transporting real-time audio packets between endpoints?

1. LDAP
2. RTP
3. DNS
4. DHCP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Real-time Transport Protocol, or RTP, transports real-time audio and video packets between collaboration endpoints. RTP uses sequence numbers and timestamps to help receivers process media correctly and maintain timing. SIP handles session signaling rather than carrying the actual media. LDAP provides directory services, DNS provides name resolution, and DHCP supplies network configuration. RTP is sensitive to packet loss, delay, and jitter, so QoS is important in voice and video networks. If signaling succeeds but users experience one-way audio or poor quality, administrators should investigate the RTP path, firewall rules, NAT, routing, codec negotiation, and endpoint configuration separately from the SIP signaling process.

Question 167

Which Cisco collaboration platform provides voicemail services and message storage?

1. Cisco Expressway
2. Cisco Unity Connection
3. Cisco CUBE
4. Cisco IM and Presence

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Cisco Unity Connection provides voicemail services and message storage for supported collaboration environments. It manages user mailboxes, greetings, call handlers, message storage, and voicemail access. CUCM can redirect unanswered or busy calls to Unity Connection through the configured voicemail integration. Expressway provides edge connectivity, CUBE provides SIP border functionality, and IM and Presence supports messaging and presence. If voicemail delivery fails, administrators should verify CUCM call routing, voicemail ports, Unity Connection integration, mailbox configuration, and network connectivity. Correct configuration allows users to receive and retrieve voicemail reliably while maintaining integration with the enterprise call-processing environment.

Question 168

Which DNS record type is commonly used for SIP service discovery?

1. PTR
2. A
3. SRV
4. CNAME

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

DNS SRV records are commonly used for service discovery because they identify the hostname and port associated with a specific service. Cisco collaboration deployments can use SRV records to help endpoints and applications locate required services. A records map hostnames to IPv4 addresses, PTR records support reverse lookups, and CNAME records provide aliases. When service discovery fails, administrators should verify the SRV record, associated host records, DNS server reachability, and the correctness of the advertised service information. Accurate DNS is particularly important for collaboration environments that depend on automated discovery, remote access, and multiple distributed servers.

Question 169

Which CUCM object can be used to modify digits before a call is routed to another destination?

1. Translation Pattern
2. Region
3. Device Pool
4. Route Group

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

A Translation Pattern can modify a dialed number before CUCM continues processing the call. Administrators can use translation patterns to add, remove, or transform digits so that a number matches the requirements of another system or service provider. Regions manage codec and bandwidth relationships, device pools provide shared configuration, and route groups organize gateways. When a call reaches a gateway with an incorrect number format, administrators should inspect translation patterns and other digit-manipulation configurations. They should also verify partitions and Calling Search Spaces because these determine whether the translation pattern is accessible. Careful digit transformation helps maintain a consistent enterprise dial plan.

Question 170

Which CUCM component organizes media resources such as conference bridges and transcoders into a logical group?

1. Route Group
2. Calling Search Space
3. Media Resource Group
4. Partition

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

A Media Resource Group, or MRG, groups media resources such as conference bridges, transcoders, and music-on-hold resources. MRGs can then be included in Media Resource Group Lists that are assigned to supported devices. This allows administrators to control which media resources are available to different endpoints. Route groups organize gateways, Calling Search Spaces control access to partitions, and partitions organize dial-plan destinations. If a device cannot access a required conference bridge or transcoder, administrators should check its MRGL, the associated MRG, and the operational status of the media resource. Proper resource grouping simplifies administration and troubleshooting.

Question 171

Which SIP response code indicates that the requested destination was not found?

1. 200
2. 486
3. 404
4. 503

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

SIP response code 404 indicates that the requested destination or resource was not found. It commonly occurs when a SIP server cannot locate the requested user, address, or route. A 200 response indicates successful processing, 486 generally indicates that the destination is busy, and 503 indicates service unavailability. When a 404 response occurs, administrators should inspect the Request-URI, SIP routing, destination registration, dial-plan configuration, DNS information, and any intermediate SIP device. SIP traces can help identify which system generated the response. Understanding response codes provides a useful starting point for isolating signaling and routing problems.

Question 172

Which Cisco technology provides backup call processing for supported IP phones during a WAN outage?

1. SRST
2. LDAP
3. CDP
4. DNS

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Survivable Remote Site Telephony, or SRST, provides backup call-processing capabilities for supported Cisco IP phones when connectivity to centralized CUCM servers is lost. It is commonly implemented on a Cisco router at a remote branch. During normal operation, phones register with CUCM, while SRST provides fallback functionality during WAN or centralized-service outages. LDAP provides directory integration, CDP provides neighbor discovery, and DNS provides name resolution. Administrators should configure the appropriate SRST reference in CUCM and verify the router’s SRST configuration. Regular failover testing is useful to confirm that phones transition correctly and that essential branch calling functions remain available.

Question 173

Which security protocol is commonly used to encrypt SIP signaling?

1. RTP
2. TLS
3. SRTP
4. DHCP

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

Transport Layer Security, or TLS, is commonly used to secure SIP signaling between supported collaboration systems. TLS encrypts signaling traffic and can authenticate communication through digital certificates and trusted certificate authorities. SRTP is used to protect real-time media, RTP transports media, and DHCP provides network configuration. Secure SIP deployments require valid certificates, appropriate security profiles, correct hostnames, trust relationships, and synchronized system time. When a secure SIP connection fails, administrators should inspect certificate validity, expiration dates, trust chains, hostname matching, and network connectivity. TLS and SRTP serve different purposes and should therefore be troubleshot separately during secure collaboration deployments.

Question 174

Which CUCM feature determines codec preferences and bandwidth relationships between groups of devices?

1. Region
2. Partition
3. Route Group
4. Calling Search Space

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Regions in CUCM determine codec preferences and bandwidth relationships between groups of devices. Administrators can configure relationships between regions to influence which codec is selected and how much bandwidth is permitted for audio or video calls. This is especially important when traffic crosses WAN connections with limited capacity. Partitions and Calling Search Spaces control dial-plan access, while route groups organize gateways. If a call uses an unexpected codec or consumes excessive WAN bandwidth, administrators should inspect the regions assigned to the endpoints and their region-to-region configuration. Proper region planning helps balance media quality with available network resources.

Question 175

Which protocol provides automatic IP address assignment to Cisco IP phones?

1. NTP
2. SIP
3. DHCP
4. RTP

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, or DHCP, automatically provides IP addressing information to Cisco IP phones. Depending on the network configuration, DHCP can provide the IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, DNS information, and additional options needed for endpoint provisioning. NTP provides time synchronization, SIP provides call signaling, and RTP transports media. If a Cisco IP phone fails to obtain an address, administrators should verify the DHCP scope, voice VLAN, relay configuration, DHCP options, and network connectivity. Correct DHCP configuration is particularly important during large phone deployments because it reduces manual addressing and helps endpoints obtain the information required to reach their collaboration services.

Question 176

Which Cisco component is normally deployed at the external edge of an MRA architecture?

1. Expressway-E
2. Expressway-C
3. CUCM
4. Unity Connection

Correct Answer: 1

Explanation

Expressway-E is normally deployed at the external network edge in a Cisco Mobile and Remote Access architecture. It communicates with Expressway-C through a secure traversal relationship and provides controlled access for supported remote collaboration clients. Expressway-C is positioned toward the internal collaboration environment, while CUCM provides call processing and Unity Connection provides voicemail. Troubleshooting MRA should include DNS discovery, certificates, traversal zones, search rules, authentication, firewall policies, and CUCM integration. Correct placement of Expressway-E helps prevent direct exposure of internal collaboration servers while allowing remote users to access supported collaboration services through the enterprise edge.

Question 177

Which CUCM configuration defines the servers that an IP phone can use for registration?

1. Route List
2. CUCM Group
3. Partition
4. Translation Pattern

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A CUCM Group defines the ordered list of CUCM servers that a device can use for registration and call processing. Device pools commonly reference CUCM Groups so that groups of endpoints can share registration and redundancy settings. If the preferred server becomes unavailable, the device can use another server in the configured group according to the applicable behavior. Route lists control gateway routing, partitions organize dial-plan destinations, and translation patterns modify numbers. When troubleshooting registration issues, administrators should inspect the device pool, assigned CUCM Group, server availability, TFTP configuration, DNS, and network connectivity. Proper CUCM Group configuration supports redundancy and predictable endpoint registration.

Question 178

Which SIP response code commonly indicates that the destination is busy?

1. 503
2. 404
3. 486
4. 200

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation

SIP response code 486 commonly indicates that the destination is busy and cannot accept the call at that time. A 503 response indicates service unavailability, 404 indicates that the requested resource was not found, and 200 indicates successful processing. Administrators can use SIP response codes to identify the general condition that prevented a session from being established. When a 486 response appears unexpectedly, the complete signaling exchange should be reviewed because call forwarding, endpoint configuration, or intermediary devices can influence the response. SIP traces and CUCM call-routing information can help determine why the destination was considered busy.

Question 179

Which Cisco service provides instant messaging and presence information for users?

1. Cisco CUBE
2. Cisco Unity Connection
3. Cisco Expressway-E
4. Cisco IM and Presence

Correct Answer: 4

Explanation

Cisco IM and Presence provides instant messaging and presence capabilities for supported Cisco collaboration deployments. Presence allows users to view availability information, while instant messaging enables real-time text communication. CUBE provides SIP border functionality, Unity Connection provides voicemail, and Expressway-E provides edge connectivity. IM and Presence can integrate with CUCM and directory services to support user information and presence states. When presence or messaging fails, administrators should verify service status, CUCM integration, user configuration, authentication, directory synchronization, and network connectivity. Correct integration ensures that users can publish, subscribe to, and exchange presence and messaging information as designed.

Question 180

Which CUCM object provides an ordered collection of route groups for call routing?

1. Media Resource Group
2. Route List
3. Device Pool
4. Partition

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation

A Route List provides an ordered collection of route groups that CUCM can use for call routing. Route lists allow administrators to establish primary and alternate gateway paths and can improve routing flexibility and redundancy. Route groups contain gateways, while device pools provide shared endpoint settings and partitions organize dial-plan destinations. Route patterns can point calls toward route lists after matching the dialed digits. When troubleshooting outbound calls, administrators should follow the routing process from the dialed number through the route pattern, partition, Calling Search Space, route list, route group, and gateway. This structured approach helps identify incorrect routing and unavailable gateway resources.