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Certified Information Systems Security Professional CISSP Practice Test 16

Question 150

Management implemented a response after this event: Employees can upload confidential source files to personal webmail despite endpoint disk encryption. The response was: Enforce context-aware DLP controls at relevant egress channels with approved business exceptions. Which observed outcome BEST verifies that the intended security protection operates, rather than merely appearing in a plan?

  1. The corporate laptops show disk-encryption compliance while unapproved webmail uploads still complete.
  2. A DLP rule exists but sample legitimate transfers are blocked and personal-email exports are still allowed.
  3. An unapproved upload is blocked while documented legitimate transfers remain possible.
  4. Employees acknowledge a classification policy while test confidential uploads to a personal account succeed.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

An unapproved upload is blocked while documented legitimate transfers remain possible. Encryption at rest does not stop an authorized user from disclosing data to an external service.

Incorrect Answers

A:

At-rest encryption does not prove outbound sensitive-data restriction.

B:

Misconfigured enforcement fails both data protection and sanctioned workflow requirements.

D:

Awareness metrics cannot demonstrate effective egress denial.

Question 151

Security cannot tell which sanctioned and unsanctioned SaaS tenants are receiving regulated files. As the accountable security practitioner, which response BEST addresses the specific weakness without introducing a different untested control?

  1. Accept the vendor’s invoice list as sufficient cloud discovery and ignore actual tenant-level data flows.
  2. Deploy cloud-service discovery and access policy enforcement based on identity, classification and approved tenants.
  3. Block one public file-sharing website without monitoring other personal tenants or approved business services.
  4. Encrypt file uploads but allow any personal SaaS tenant to receive regulated customer content.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A CASB-style control can add visibility and policy enforcement across cloud use. API-only visibility may miss unmanaged devices or services requiring alternate inline or endpoint controls.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Spend data does not reveal which identities or SaaS tenants receive regulated records.

C:

A single URL rule cannot provide consistent cloud visibility or tenant policy.

D:

Transport secrecy does not make unauthorized third-party processing compliant.

Question 152

The organization implemented the response to this scenario: Security cannot tell which sanctioned and unsanctioned SaaS tenants are receiving regulated files. The approved response was: Deploy cloud-service discovery and access policy enforcement based on identity, classification and approved tenants. Which statement MOST accurately identifies a remaining risk or constraint?

  1. An API-only CASB integration necessarily observes all uploads from unmanaged devices and unauthenticated apps.
  2. API-only visibility may miss unmanaged devices or services requiring alternate inline or endpoint controls.
  3. Once a sanctioned SaaS domain is listed, every tenant beneath that domain can accept regulated data.
  4. Cloud discovery alone guarantees that prohibited destinations cannot receive new files.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A CASB-style control can add visibility and policy enforcement across cloud use. Sensitive-file upload attempts to a personal tenant are detected or denied without blocking the approved tenant.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Out-of-band APIs may lack visibility for unintegrated endpoints and providers.

C:

Shared domains may host both approved enterprise and unapproved personal tenants.

D:

Detection without enforcement or response still permits data movement.

Question 153

Management implemented a response after this event: Security cannot tell which sanctioned and unsanctioned SaaS tenants are receiving regulated files. The response was: Deploy cloud-service discovery and access policy enforcement based on identity, classification and approved tenants. Which observed outcome BEST verifies that the intended security protection operates, rather than merely appearing in a plan?

  1. Sensitive-file upload attempts to a personal tenant are detected or denied without blocking the approved tenant.
  2. Tenant discovery lists the service domain but cannot distinguish company and personal accounts.
  3. Audit logs contain normal corporate uploads while simulated personal-tenant submissions go unrecorded.
  4. A management dashboard says DLP enabled but a regulated test file still reaches an unapproved SaaS destination.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Sensitive-file upload attempts to a personal tenant are detected or denied without blocking the approved tenant. A CASB-style control can add visibility and policy enforcement across cloud use.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Service-name visibility cannot enforce approved tenant identity boundaries.

C:

Incomplete telemetry does not demonstrate control over unauthorized cloud flows.

D:

Configuration status alone is insufficient without an effective deny test.

Question 154

An analytics team needs cohort statistics but not live payment card values for correlation. As the accountable security practitioner, which response BEST addresses the specific weakness without introducing a different untested control?

  1. Give all analysts access to the reversible token mapping vault for convenience.
  2. Replace payment card digits with an unprotected reversible mapping spreadsheet.
  3. Replace sensitive identifiers with governed tokens while segregating access to the secure mapping service.
  4. Use identical plaintext card values as tokens and rely on an obscured column name.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Tokenization limits downstream exposure when the mapping key remains protected. A reversible token vault can still become a high-value attack target and needs strong access controls.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Broad detokenization privileges defeat the downstream exposure reduction.

B:

A publicly accessible mapping defeats tokenization’s intended separation of sensitive identifiers.

D:

Relabeling sensitive data without governed substitution does not limit disclosure risk.

Question 155

The organization implemented the response to this scenario: An analytics team needs cohort statistics but not live payment card values for correlation. The approved response was: Replace sensitive identifiers with governed tokens while segregating access to the secure mapping service. Which statement MOST accurately identifies a remaining risk or constraint?

  1. A reversible token vault no longer needs access controls because analytics only sees token strings.
  2. Any predictable token can replace PANs safely even if it directly encodes the card number.
  3. A reversible token vault can still become a high-value attack target and needs strong access controls.
  4. Tokenization removes all processing and retention obligations once the original values leave the analysis table.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Tokenization limits downstream exposure when the mapping key remains protected. Analysts compute approved reports but cannot reconstruct card numbers without authorized detokenization.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The mapping service remains a high-value secret enabling reconstruction of original card data.

B:

Reversible or derivable tokens without controlled mappings may still expose the original identifier.

D:

Tokenized information may remain sensitive depending on recoverability and linkability.

Question 156

Management implemented a response after this event: An analytics team needs cohort statistics but not live payment card values for correlation. The response was: Replace sensitive identifiers with governed tokens while segregating access to the secure mapping service. Which observed outcome BEST verifies that the intended security protection operates, rather than merely appearing in a plan?

  1. Analysts receive the full PAN lookup table alongside the tokenized report.
  2. A dashboard shows tokenization configured while ordinary analysts can run unrestricted detokenization requests.
  3. Analysts compute approved reports but cannot reconstruct card numbers without authorized detokenization.
  4. Tokens have a different display format but may be algorithmically decoded by anyone who knows the mapping rule.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Analysts compute approved reports but cannot reconstruct card numbers without authorized detokenization. Tokenization limits downstream exposure when the mapping key remains protected.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Exposing the mapping nullifies intended segregation of sensitive payment values.

B:

A feature toggle does not prove access control on token reversal.

D:

Appearance change is not evidence that unauthorized users cannot reconstruct identifiers.

Question 157

A new tenant inherits an API rule allowing every authenticated account to view other tenants' documents. As the accountable security practitioner, which response BEST addresses the specific weakness without introducing a different untested control?

  1. Let any authenticated tenant access another tenant’s new document until owners manually configure restrictions.
  2. Hide the cross-tenant document link in the web UI while permitting the same direct API request.
  3. Initialize resource policy to deny cross-tenant access until explicit trusted entitlement is granted.
  4. Assume the API gateway’s successful TLS handshake establishes per-document authorization.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Secure defaults prevent unconfigured objects from becoming unintentionally accessible. The entitlement check must remain enforced by the server, not a hidden front-end button.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Authentication without object authorization exposes cross-tenant data by default.

B:

Client-side visibility cannot replace server-side enforcement of access boundaries.

D:

Transport authenticity says nothing about whether a caller may read another tenant’s object.

Question 158

The organization implemented the response to this scenario: A new tenant inherits an API rule allowing every authenticated account to view other tenants' documents. The approved response was: Initialize resource policy to deny cross-tenant access until explicit trusted entitlement is granted. Which statement MOST accurately identifies a remaining risk or constraint?

  1. A deny-by-default UI is sufficient even when direct API calls bypass entitlement checks.
  2. An authenticated user may always read every document in a multi-tenant application.
  3. Denying access during initial provisioning guarantees permissions cannot become stale or overly broad later.
  4. The entitlement check must remain enforced by the server, not a hidden front-end button.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Secure defaults prevent unconfigured objects from becoming unintentionally accessible. Negative cross-tenant and positive owner access tests pass immediately after provisioning.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Resource access must be enforced on the server for every relevant request path.

B:

Authentication verifies identity, not data ownership or tenant permissions.

C:

Entitlement changes and alternative routes still require ongoing enforcement and review.

Question 159

Management implemented a response after this event: A new tenant inherits an API rule allowing every authenticated account to view other tenants' documents. The response was: Initialize resource policy to deny cross-tenant access until explicit trusted entitlement is granted. Which observed outcome BEST verifies that the intended security protection operates, rather than merely appearing in a plan?

  1. The application menu hides foreign-tenant documents while direct API reads using another tenant ID succeed.
  2. New accounts can read their own data, but no negative cross-tenant authorization tests run.
  3. An API has a valid service certificate while any signed-in user can fetch arbitrary document IDs.
  4. Negative cross-tenant and positive owner access tests pass immediately after provisioning.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Negative cross-tenant and positive owner access tests pass immediately after provisioning. Secure defaults prevent unconfigured objects from becoming unintentionally accessible.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A hidden link does not prove server-side cross-tenant denial.

B:

Positive access alone cannot demonstrate that unauthorized tenants are blocked.

C:

TLS does not validate the target resource entitlement.

Question 160

A policy-decision service goes offline and the privileged API defaults to granting all authenticated users access. What is the BEST protective behavior?

  1. Grant all requests until the policy service recovers because users authenticated earlier.
  2. Skip policy checks only for requests arriving from the corporate LAN.
  3. Permanently disable authorization logging to restore throughput.
  4. Deny sensitive requests when authorization cannot be determined, and invoke an accountable recovery or emergency-access process.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Fail-secure behavior prevents a control failure from becoming implicit unlimited permission.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Authentication is not authorization for each privileged resource request.

B:

Network location is not a safe replacement for current access decisions.

C:

Loss of audit evidence does not resolve the access-control failure.

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) Practice Tests

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